迷仙引·才过笄年
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宋代]：柳永
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才过笄年，初绾云鬟，便学歌舞。席上尊前，王孙随分相许。算等闲、酬一笑，便千金慵觑。常只恐、容易蕣华偷换，光阴虚度。
已受君恩顾，好与花为主。万里丹霄，何妨携手同归去。永弃却、烟花伴侣。免教人见妾，朝云暮雨。
迷仙引·才过笄年译文及注释
译文
新近才满十五岁，刚刚开始梳绾发髻时，我就学习歌舞了。酒宴席上酒杯前，曲意迎奉王孙公子。要是平平常常给我一个笑容，便是千金我也懒得看上一眼。我常常只是害怕，韶华易逝，虚度了青春时光。
如今已受恩宠眷顾，要好好为花做主。万里晴空，何不一同牵手归去呢。永远抛弃那些烟花伴侣。免得叫人见了我，早上行云晚上行雨。
注释
笄（jī）年：十五岁。笄：簪子。古代女子十五岁举行戴笄的成年礼。
绾（wǎn）：把头发盘旋起来打成结。云鬟（huán）：高耸入云的发髻。女子成年后发式由下垂改为绾结耸立。
随分：随便、随意。
等闲：平常。“酬一笑”两句，即一笑千金，也懒得再看。
慵觑（yōng qù）：懒得看，不屑一顾。
蕣（shùn）华：指朝开暮落的木槿花，借指美好而易失的年华或容颜。“华”，通“花”。
君：指这位歌妓恩遇的倾吐对象。
花：喻青春貌美的歌妓。
丹霄：布满红霞的天空。
烟花伴侣：青楼卖唱生涯。
朝云暮雨：语出宋玉《高唐赋》巫山神女典故，这里比喻歌妓爱情不久长的卖唱生涯。
参考资料：
1、杜兴海 ．中国古代音乐文学精品评注 ：线装书局 ，2011年 ：226-227页 ．
2、思履 ．宋词三百首彩图全解祥注 ．北京市 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2012年 ：89页 ．
迷仙引·才过笄年鉴赏
柳永是第一个敢于把生活社会最底层的歌妓们真、善、美的心灵写进词中的人，词境的开拓上有重要贡献。此词描写的就是一位身陷污泥而心向自由、光明、高洁的不幸歌妓的典型形象。词的上片从以往的无情现实落笔铺写，展现这位歌妓厌倦风尘的心理活动，下片由未来的强烈愿望发挥开去，写她对自由生活和美好爱情的渴望与追求。
全词通过一位歌妓的自述，表现她对自由生活的向往和追求。她刚成长为少女时便学习歌舞了。古代女子年满十五岁，开始梳绾发髻，插上簪子，称为“及笄”，标志成年。由于她身隶娼籍，学习伎艺是为了歌筵舞席之上“娱宾”，以成为娼家牟利的工具。她华灯盛筵之前为王孙公子们歌舞侑觞，由于她年轻，色艺都好，席上尊前，随处博得王孙公子的称赞，对她的一笑（随）地便以千金相酬。可是她意不此，“慵觑”是懒于一顾。可见，她与一般安于庸俗生活、贪得缠头的歌妓们，意趣相异。作者于此婉曲地表现了这一歌妓轻视千金而要求人们的尊重和理解的独特品橡。她风尘中保持着清醒的头脑，渴望着有一个正常的人生归宿。歌舞场中的女子青春易逝，有如“蕣华”的命运一样。“华”古通花，蕣华即木槿花。《诗·郑风·有女同车》“颜如蕣华”朱熹注：“蕣，木槿也，树如李，其华朝生暮落。”郭璞《游仙诗》：“蕣荣不终朝。”古人多用蕣华以喻女子青春，虽美艳而难久驻，有似朝开暮落一般。这位歌妓清楚地知道，她的美妙青春也将象蕣华会暗中很快变灭的。“光阴虚度”之后的结局就是常常使她感到困扰和耽忧的问题。她终于赏识者中寻觅到一位可以信任和依托的男子，便以弱者的身份和坚决的态度，恳求救其脱离火坑。他的同情、怜爱和赏识，她看来已是“恩顾”了。歌妓犹命薄如花的女子，求他作主，求他庇护，以期改变自己的命运。“万里丹霄”意即广阔的晴空。而此时她有了可信任的男子，祈求着“何妨携手同归去”，共同缔造正常的家庭生活。从良之后，便表示永远抛弃旧日的生活和那些烟花伴侣，以此来洗刷世俗对她的不良印象。“朝云暮雨”，典出自宋玉《高唐赋》。歌妓由于特殊的职业，送往迎来，相识者甚多，给人以感情不专、反复无常的印象。所以，这位歌妓她恳求、发誓，言辞已尽，愿望热切，力图证明自己非轻浮的女人向社会发出求救的呼声。然而当时的歌妓者要想象正常人一样过着温暖的家庭生活总是难以如愿的，词中女子的愿望恐难实现。
这首词摹拟一个妙龄歌妓的口吻，道出她厌倦风尘、追求爱情的心灵世界。作者似乎只是客观如实道来，字里行间却流露出对备受凌辱的妓女渴望跳出火炕、获得自由的深切同情。全词纯用白描，全以歌妓之口出之，读来情真意切，真挚动人，干净利落，通俗易懂，是柳词中的上乘之作。
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王安石《
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浪淘沙令·伊吕两衰翁》
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晏殊《
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山亭柳·赠歌者》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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王灼
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名山起高兴，不惜马首东。
沙边一着眼，翠光已浮空。