浪淘沙令·帘外雨潺潺
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五代]：李煜
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帘外雨潺潺，春意阑珊。罗衾不耐五更寒。梦里不知身是客，一晌贪欢。
浪淘沙令·帘外雨潺潺译文及注释
译文
门帘外传来雨声潺潺，浓郁的春意又要凋残。罗织的锦被受不住五更时的冷寒。只有迷梦中忘掉自身是羁旅之客，才能享受片时的欢娱。
独自一人在太阳下山时在高楼上倚靠栏杆遥望远方，因为想到旧时拥有的无限江山，心中便会泛起无限伤感。离别它是容易的，再要见到它就很艰难。像流失的江水凋落的红花跟春天一起回去也，今昔对比，一是天上一是人间。
注释
此词原为唐教坊曲，又名《浪淘沙令》、《卖花声》等。唐人多用七言绝句入曲，南唐李煜始演为长短句。双调，五十四字（宋人有稍作增减者），平韵，此调又由柳永、周邦彦演为长调《浪淘沙漫》，是别格。
潺潺：形容雨声。
阑珊：衰残。一作“将阑”。
罗衾（音qīn）：绸被子。
不耐：受不了。一作“不暖”。
身是客：指被拘汴京，形同囚徒。
一晌（音shǎng）：一会儿，片刻。一作“饷”（音xiǎng）
贪欢：指贪恋梦境中的欢乐。
凭栏：靠着栏杆。
江山：指南唐河山。
浪淘沙令·帘外雨潺潺创作背景
此词是作者去世前不久所写。此词基调低沉悲怆，透露出李煜这个亡国之君绵绵不尽的故土之思，可以说这是一支宛转凄苦的哀歌。
参考资料：
1、潘君昭 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：147-148
浪淘沙令·帘外雨潺潺鉴赏
此词基调低沉悲怆，透露出李煜这个亡国之君绵绵不尽的故土之思，可以说这是一支宛转凄苦的哀歌。
上片用倒叙，先写梦醒再写梦中。起首说五更梦回，薄薄的罗衾挡不住晨寒的侵袭。帘外，是潺潺不断的春雨，是寂寞零落的残春；这种境地使他倍增凄苦之感。“梦里”两句，回过来追忆梦中情事，睡梦里好象忘记自己身为俘虏，似乎还在故国华美的宫殿里，贪恋着片刻的欢娱，可是梦醒以后，“想得玉楼瑶殿影，空照秦淮”（《浪淘沙》），却加倍地感到痛苦。
过片三句自为呼应。说“独自莫凭栏”，是因为“凭栏”而不见“无限江山”，又将引起“无限伤感”。“别时容易见时难”，是当时常用的语言。《颜氏家训·风操》有“别易会难”之句，曹丕《燕歌行》中也说“别日何易会日难”。然而作者所说的“别”，并不仅仅指亲友之间，而主要是与故国“无限江山”分别；至于“见时难”，即指亡国以后，不可能见到故土的悲哀之感，这也就是他不敢凭栏的原因。在另一首《虞美人》词中，他说：“凭栏半日独无言，依旧竹声新月似当年。”眼前绿竹眉月，还一似当年，但故人、故土，不可复见，“凭栏”只能引起内心无限痛楚，这和“独自莫凭栏”意思相仿。
“流水”两句，叹息春归何处。张泌《浣溪沙》有“天上人间何处去，旧欢新梦觉来时”之句，“天上人间”，是说相隔遥远，不知其处。这是指春，也兼指人。词人长叹水流花落，春去人逝，故国一去难返，无由相见。
这首词，情真意切、哀婉动人，深刻地表现了词人的亡国之痛和囚徒之悲，生动地刻画了一个亡国之君的艺术形象。正如李煜后期词反映了他亡国以后囚居生涯中的危苦心情，确实是“眼界始大，感慨遂深”。且能以白描手法诉说内心的极度痛苦，具有撼动读者心灵的惊人艺术魅力。此词就是一个显著的例子。
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张炎《
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八声甘州·记玉关踏雪事清游》
李煜简介
唐代·李煜的简介
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李煜，五代十国时南唐国君，961年-975年在位，字重光，初名从嘉，号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。南唐元宗李璟第六子，于宋建隆二年(961年)继位，史称李后主。开宝八年，宋军破南唐都城，李煜降宋，被俘至汴京，封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治，但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法，善绘画，通音律，诗和文均有一定造诣，尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜，却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章，被称为“千古词帝”。
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