忆君王·依依宫柳拂宫墙
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宋代]：谢克家
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依依宫柳拂宫墙，楼殿无人春昼长。燕子归来依旧忙。忆君王，月破黄昏人断肠。
忆君王·依依宫柳拂宫墙创作背景
靖康元年（1126年）十二月，金兵攻陷汴京，次年正月赵佶和赵桓父子被迫赴城外金营求和被拘。当时开封军民得知徽、钦二帝被扣留后，成群结队自发地聚集在南熏门外和御路两旁，冒着风雪，忍着饥寒，引领翘望，等待“车驾归来”。正月二十八日，词人含泪写了这首词。
参考资料：
1、喻朝刚，周航主编 ．中华文化的传世经典 宋词观止 四 注释 解说 集评：大众文艺出版社，2009.04：第566页
忆君王·依依宫柳拂宫墙鉴赏
词人亲眼看到金人南侵，君主被掳，在国家和民族的危机中，写下了这首忠愤填膺的词，其凄凉怨慕之音，缠绵悱恻之感，溢于字里行间，是思想性和艺术性高度统一的作品。
全词不言国破君掳，巢复卵毁，而言宫柳依依，楼殿寂寂，一种物是人非的今昔之感，跃然纸上。“春昼长”一语，把客观的景物描写，转向主观的心理感受，是景为情使，情因景生，抒情和写景在这里得到了和谐的统一。富丽堂皇的景物后面，蕴藏着深深的隐痛。接着词人把笔锋一转：“燕子归来依旧忙”，燕子是无情之物，它哪里知道楼殿依旧，而主人已换，仍然忙着衔泥，在旧梁上筑起新巢，俨然有“旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家”的沧桑之感。最后“忆君王，月破黄昏人断肠”点明题旨，怀念故君。结句真味无穷，辞意高绝，一个芳馨悱恻的艺术形象，生动地呈现在读者的面前。因为它是从题前着笔，题外摄神，只用了一个“破”字，便把从清晨忆到黄昏，又从黄昏忆到月上柳梢，都沉浸在如痴如呆的回忆中。昔日的宫柳凝绿，今朝的淡月黄昏；昔日的笙歌彻旦，今朝的楼殿无人，在在是强烈的对比，在在是伤心的回忆，不言相忆之久，而时间之长自见；不言相忆之深，而惓顾之意甚明。“月破黄昏”是写景；“人断肠”是抒情，把写景和抒情统一在一个完整的句子里，而景物在感情的丝缕中织得更加光彩夺目，感情在景物的烘托中更加表现得淋漓尽致。
这首词抒发深沉的感慨，不着一句实语，而是把山河破碎、君王被虏的残酷现实写进了宫柳依依、楼殿寂寂中．以物事人非的沧桑变换把往事堪哀的失国之痛表达得真切动人。
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李元膺《
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茶瓶儿·去年相逢深院宇》
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郑文妻《
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忆秦娥·花深深》
谢克家简介
唐代·谢克家的简介
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谢克家（？—1134）字任伯，上蔡（今属河南）人。绍圣四年（1097）中进士。亲历靖康之变，作《忆君王》：“依依宫柳拂宫墙，楼殿无人春昼长，燕子归来依旧忙。忆君王，月破黄昏人断肠。”建炎四年（1130）官参知政事。绍兴元年（1131），以资政殿学士提举洞宵宫，寓居临海。绍兴二年（1132年）上书弹劾秦桧。绍兴四年卒。事迹见于《嘉定赤城志》卷三四、张守《祭谢参政文》（《毘陵集》卷一二）。词存《忆君王》一首，见《避戎夜话》。《全宋词》辑录。
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