西河·和王潜斋韵
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宋代]：曹豳
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今日事。何人弄得如此。漫漫白骨蔽川原，恨何日已。关河万里寂无烟，月明空照芦苇。
谩哀痛，无及矣。无情莫问江水。西风落日惨新亭，几人坠泪。战和何者是良筹，扶危但看天意。
只今寂寞薮泽里。岂无人、高卧闾里。试问安危谁寄。定相将、有诏催公起。须信前书言犹未。
西河·和王潜斋韵鉴赏
曹豳因敢于在皇帝面前直言劝谏而与同时代的王万、郭磊卿、徐清叟被称为“嘉熙四谏”。王潜斋，即是王埜，曹豳与王埜（号潜斋）同为浙江人，同在宁宗朝先后中进士第，在政治上两人有着共同的爱国进步主张。
王埜的《西河》，一开篇就责问苍天，曹词则直率地直指到人，责问“今日事，何人弄得如此！”这是不言自明的。王词引理宗端平元年献陵图一事以泄内心的忧国结愁，曹词则化用曹操《蒿里行》诗名“百骨露于野，千里无鸡鸣”入词，对人民横遭屠戮的惨状满怀同情，深感悲愤，对南宋当权者昏庸腐败、丧权辱国的行径含恨不已，语带讥刺。王词叹老抱恨，感慨“千古恨，吾老矣。”曹词宽慰他不必空自悲伤：“谩哀痛，无及矣！”王词吊淮水、望江水，扼腕泪，悲愤难已。曹词用新亭对泣事，感叹并讥刺南宋当权者无意恢复中原，优柔寡断，丧权误国，隐含王导语：“当共戮力王室，克复神州，何至作楚囚对泣邪？”激励友人共同寻求抗战救国的良策，来匡正天下。王埜当时被劾下台，不在其位，词中慨叹纵有雄心，无所寄托。曹豳则感叹如今有才能的人被埋没于草野之间，扶危安邦的大任由谁来担负。其实，曹词有着弦外之音：“高卧闾里”隐居不仕的王埜，正是可以负起国家安危之责的人材。
因此，两首词的结韵表现出了作者的各自情怀：王埜在沉痛中虚幻地呼唤着历史人物张骞，曹豳却能冷静地着眼于客观现实，将目光真诚地投向自己的老友：“定相将有诏催公起，须信前书犹未？”积极唤起处于绝望中的王埜，坚信他不久将东山再起，能够象张骞一样扶危安邦，收复中原。
将曹豳和词与王埜原词两相比照，不难看出，曹、王两人是志同道合的斗士，也是文学领域的知音。两人词作在格调上相互契合，在旨意上同气相求。
这首词运转自如，熨贴无间，在词的格律上与王词既环环相扣，又自然流丽，在词的情致上与王词既息息相应，又新意叠出。曹词的整个基调比王词显得高亢，激越，明快，其中充满对战友与词友一片拳拳期许之忱。当然，这也是对国家、对人民的期待。
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王澜《
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念奴娇·避地溢江书于新亭》
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杨炎正《
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水调歌头·把酒对斜日》
曹豳简介
唐代·曹豳的简介
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曹豳(bīn)（1170-1249）字西士，号东亩，一作东猷，温州瑞安（今属浙江 ）人。嘉泰二年（1202）进士。授安吉州教授，调重庆府司法参军，改知建昌。绍定六年（1233 ），擢秘书丞 ，兼仓部郎官。端平元年（1234 ），除浙西提举常平，移浙东提点刑狱。嘉熙初，召为左司谏。与王万、郭磊卿、徐清叟俱负直声，时号“嘉熙四谏”。嘉熙三年（1239），知福州，以礼部侍郎召，为台臣所沮，遂守宝章阁待制致仕。淳祐九年卒，年八十，谥文恭 。刘克庄为撰神道碑（《后村先生大全集》卷一四四），《宋史》附《曹叔远传》。《全宋词》辑其词二首。
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