喜迁莺·霞散绮
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宋代]:夏竦
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霞散绮,月沉钩,帘卷未央楼。夜凉河汉截天流,宫阙锁清秋。
瑶阶曙,金盘露,凤髓香和烟雾。三千珠翠拥宸游,水殿按凉州。
喜迁莺·霞散绮译文及注释
译文
晚霞渐渐消散,隐去了最后的绚烂;水中的新月,如沉钩弯弯。美人卷起珠帘遥望:那一带清清的天河,在浩瀚的夜空缓缓轻流。又是秋天了,凉意笼罩着京都。
朦胧的晨雾里,玉砌的台阶迎来曙光。远处金铜仙人的露盘,闪耀着露珠儿的晶莹透亮。宫内凤髓香飘飘袅袅,烟雾缭绕人的身旁。圣驾一早巡游,如云而从的佳丽,闪起一片宝气珠光。水面上玲珑的殿宇,传来凉州曲悠悠扬扬。
注释
霞散绮:形容晚霞绚丽的景象。化用南朝宋谢脁《晚登三山还望京邑》诗意:“余霞散成绮。”绮(qǐ):有花纹的丝织品。
未央楼:汉代有未央宫。这里指代皇宫中的楼房。
河汉:即银河。《古诗十九首》:“河汉清且浅,相去复几许?盈盈一水间,脉脉不得语。”
瑶阶:美玉做成的台阶。古代传说中昆仑山上有瑶池,为西王母所居的地方,周穆王曾在这里参与西王母的宴会。这里乃以宫殿比神仙居所。
金盘露:汉武帝曾做承露盘,承接天上的露水来饮用,以求长生不老,这里暗用其典。
凤髓:香名。
珠翠:指代装饰得珠光宝气的宫女。宸(chén):皇上所居之所。
水殿:建于水上的殿宇。按:演奏。凉州:歌舞名。
参考资料:
1、杨恩成.宋词观止.西安市:陕西人民出版社,1998年:13-14页
2、刘尊明 王兆鹏.新编千家词三百首.南京市:江苏古籍出版社,1995年:16-17页
喜迁莺·霞散绮创作背景
这首词作于宋真宗景德年间(1004~1007),当时作者夏竦刚入官授馆职。初秋的一个夜晚,宋真宗在后宫大摆宴席。酒酣兴畅之际,宋真宗忽然命令太监马上宣召夏竦为此次宴乐填写一首新词。夏竦奉旨后,问清了皇帝游乐的地点等情况,略加思索,便写下了这首应制词。
参考资料:
1、刘尊明 朱崇才.休闲宋词鉴赏辞典.武汉市:湖北辞书出版社,1997年:36页
喜迁莺·霞散绮鉴赏
这是一首描写宫廷生活的应制词,此词写的是帝王的歌舞升平生活。
“霞散绮,月沉钩。帘卷未央楼。夜凉河汉截天流,宫阙锁清秋。”首三句点明了时间、地点及时令气候,语句精美、华丽,透着淡淡的秋的气息。上片写景,从黄昏的余霞写到初生的新月,以及卷帘眺望之人。“夜凉”二句当为卷帘之所见,境界空阔,万籁俱寂。星汉灿烂,在这浩瀚的天宇之下,人倍觉孤单,再看四周,楼宇宫殿,层层叠叠,都笼罩在清寒的秋意之中。此处“秋”前著一“锁”字,既点出时序,又有秋意清寒的心理感受。
“瑶阶曙,金盘露,凤髓香和烟雾。三千珠翠拥宸游,水殿按《凉州》。”下片转写清晨景象,描写了盛世太平岁月里宫中歌舞升平的场景。“瑶阶”、“金盘”、“凤髓”及“三千珠翠”烘托宫中帝王生活的奢侈与豪华,同时亦反映了北宋初期封建统治者乐于游畋的一个侧面。其中“瑶阶”三句,极写宫中静谧气氛。煞拍两句写帝王之游,富丽豪华的场面与上片的凄清寂寥形成对照。
此词为应制之作,言辞颇为考究、精致,雍容华丽中不乏清婉。
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苏轼《
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江城子·腻红匀脸衬檀唇》
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夏竦《
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喜迁莺·霞散绮》
夏竦简介
唐代·夏竦的简介
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夏竦,字子乔,北宋大臣,古文字学家,初谥“文正”,后改谥“文庄”。夏竦以文学起家,曾为国史编修官,也曾任多地官员,宋真宗时为襄州知州,宋仁宗时为洪州知州,后任陕西经略、安抚、招讨使等职。由于夏竦对文学的造诣很深,所以他的很多作品都流传于后世。
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