杜处士好书画
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宋代]：苏轼
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今乃掉尾而斗，谬矣！”处士笑而然之。
古语云：“耕当问奴，织当问婢。”不可改也。
杜处士好书画译文及注释
译文
四川境内有个姓杜的隐士，爱好书画，他珍藏的书画作品有成百件，有戴嵩画的牛一幅，他特别喜爱，用锦囊盛起来，用玉石作画轴，经常随身携带着，有一天晾晒书画，一个牧童看到了这幅画，拍手大笑说：“这画上画的是角斗的牛呀，牛在角斗时力量集中在角上，尾巴夹在两条后腿中间，但这幅画却画成牛摇着尾巴斗角，画错了啊！”隐士笑了，认为牧童说得对。
有句古话说：“耕地应当去问男奴,织布应当去问婢女。”这句话是不可改变的．
注释
杜处士：姓杜的读书人。
宝：这里是动词，珍藏。
囊：袋子，此处指画套。用彩锦做装画的袋子，用玉石做卷画的轴子。
曝：晾、晒。
搐：抽搐，收缩。
掉：摇着尾巴。掉，摆动，摇动。
然：认为⋯⋯是对的。
所宝：所珍藏的画
戴嵩：唐代画家
锦襄玉轴：以玉为轴，用锦囊盛起来
拊掌：拍手
翘起尾巴
杜处士好书画鉴赏
蜀中有杜处士，好书画，所宝以百数。有戴嵩《牛》一轴，尤所爱，锦囊玉轴，常以自随.。一日曝书画，而一牧童见之,拊掌见笑，曰：“此画斗牛也，牛斗力在角，尾搐入两股间。
从杜处士角度的收获：要谦虚，乐于接受正确意见；
从戴嵩角度的收获：做任何事都应该尊重事实，不能想当然；
从牧童角度的收获：要注意观察生活，做生活的有心人。
文章最后引用古语的作用：通过引用手法来加以说明本文的中心思想。做任何事应该先了解各种实际的情况，正如画牛必须懂得牛的习性。
画牛必须懂得牛的习性；做其他事也应该先了解各种实际的情况。即使是名家的创作，也应该以真实的事理为依据。文章告诉我们，要认真、仔细地观察事物。也就是5个字：实践出真知。
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蝜蝂传》
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刘禹锡《
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杨柳枝词九首》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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