西湖晚归回望孤山寺赠诸客
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唐代]：白居易
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柳湖松岛莲花寺，晚动归桡出道场。
卢橘子低山雨重，栟榈叶战水风凉。
烟波澹荡摇空碧，楼殿参差倚夕阳。
到岸请君回首望，蓬莱宫在海中央。
西湖晚归回望孤山寺赠诸客译文及注释
译文
在西湖附近的孤山上有座孤山寺，傍晚听完高僧佛经讲解划船回去。
因为卢橘饱含雨水，所以其果实沉重而低垂，棕榈的叶子随着清风的吹动相互击打着。
湖上的水气迷蒙，微波动荡，水天一色， 望湖上琼楼珠殿，参差不去，倒映在夕阳下。
回到对岸，请各位客人在回首望去，孤山寺仿佛像仙山中的蓬莱宫一样，坐落在水中央。
注释
柳湖：西湖旁多植柳，故有是称。
松岛：孤山。
莲花寺：孤山寺。
桡（ráo）：船桨。
道场，僧侣诵经礼拜之处，即佛殿。
卢橘子：枇杷的果实。
重（zhòng）：沉重。
栟榈（bīng lǘ）叶：棕榈的叶子。
战：交相互动。
凉：指水风的清爽。
烟波：湖上的水气与微波。
澹（dàn）：安静的样子。
空碧：指水天交相辉映。
参差（cēn cī）：高低错落的样子。
倚：靠着，这里有映照的意思。
君：各位客人。
回首：回头。
蓬莱宫：传说海上有仙山，名蓬莱，而孤山寺中亦有蓬莱阁，语带双关。
参考资料：
1、王尧衢 ．唐诗合解笺注 ：河北大学出版社 ，2000年 ：483 ．
2、许金榜 ．历代山水田园诗赏析 ：明天出版社 ，1986年03月第1版 ：188-190 ．
西湖晚归回望孤山寺赠诸客创作背景
这首诗作于长庆二年（822年）秋至四年夏，当时白居易在杭州任刺史，闲暇之余，他常喜欢到寺里听听高僧讲经，故而创作这首诗，这首诗描绘了孤山寺周围的景象，同时也记录了他与“诸客”听讲归来的感受。
参考资料：
1、贺莼 ．唐诗宝鉴 闲情逸致卷 ：陕西人民出版社 ，2010.03 ：212-213 ．
西湖晚归回望孤山寺赠诸客鉴赏
“柳湖松岛莲花寺，晚动归桡出道场”。这两句，虽然仅是对“西湖晚归”的一个交代，但在写法上却很见技巧。试以现代的电影摄影手法作比，先是全景：波光漪涟的柳湖。然后镜头向前推近：映出松岛、莲花寺。最后是两个分镜头：湖上，天近傍晚，撑船人正摇动“归桡”，准备接客归去；寺中，诗人正和“诸客”走出道场，准备“晚归”。这种写法，层次分明，主从有序，给人以清晰明快之感。其次，这两句五处用了富有特征性的修饰词语和“借代”之法，从而增加了景物的质感和特征，写出了诗人对它的喜悦之情。试想，如果直说“西湖孤山山上寺，晚动归舟出庙堂”，这就索然无味，不能写出孤山寺的特色及诗人的喜悦之情。诗贵别趣，意忌直出，没有诗人的这种精心安排和恰当修饰，就不会使人读之如身临其境的。
上二句，从大处写起，由景到人；下二句，是从小处着笔，由人观景。“卢橘子低山雨重，栟榈叶战水风凉”，就是写诗人归路所见。卢橘即批杷，栟榈即棕榈。批杷硕果累累，金实翠叶，本来就多么令人喜爱，山雨过后，清香四溢，连果枝都被压得低垂下来；一个“重”字，写出了诗人对它的多少喜悦之情！棕榈树高叶大，俨若凉扇遮径，雨后清风，阔叶颤动，似乎它也感到了水风的清爽。一个“凉”字，透出诗人多少快感！好的画境，首先要看它能否表现出典型的物象；好的诗情，首先要看它能否把作者的精神融于画境。这两句，可以说是美景爽情的融冶，诗情画意的结合，似情似景，难解难分。
诗人移步登舟，船行湖上，这时的情景是：在宽阔的湖面上，轻轻的寒烟似有似无，蓝蓝的湖波共长天一色，所以说“烟波澹荡摇空碧。”“澹荡”二字，使人如泛仙槎，如升青冥，写出了清爽闲适之情。回望孤山寺：“楼殿参差倚夕阳”，“参差”二字，写出了随山势高下而建筑的宇观楼殿的特有景色，从而使人想到檐牙错落、各抱地势的瑰丽情景；加之夕阳晚照，红砖绿瓦，金光明灭，真是佛地宛如仙境，因而诗人发出由衷的感慨：──落笔到“回望孤山赠诸客”的题旨，作品便戛然而止。孤山寺中有蓬莱阁，两者浑然一体，不着痕迹，更增加了韵外味，弦外音，使孤山寺的诗情画境久久萦绕于读者的脑际。
这首诗，短短八句，句句写景，句句含情，读后如随诗人游踪，在我们面前展现出一幕幕湖光山色的画图。它宛如一篇优美的游记，更配有铿锵的韵致，荡起喜悦的心声，如画卷在目，如乐章在耳，给人以情景水乳交融的快感。
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黄滔《
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题友人山居》
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黄庭坚《
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书幽芳亭》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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林熙春
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为赋初衣愧不才，宁云几动见几回。起家忠谏劳天语，一字千金换不来。