早秋山居
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唐代]：温庭筠
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山近觉寒早，草堂霜气晴。
树凋窗有日，池满水无声。
果落见猿过，叶干闻鹿行。
素琴机虑静，空伴夜泉清。
早秋山居译文及注释
译文
近靠山边觉得寒气来得特别早，晴空下的草堂笼罩着一片霜气。
树叶凋零了，窗边还有阳光照着；池塘满了，水依然没有声音。
树上的果实成熟落下，叶子也干枯了，因此看见猿猴在林中走过，也听得见鹿行的声音。
弹着素琴心情恬淡平静，到夜里只有潺潺清泉声相伴。
注释
堂：茅草盖的堂屋。旧时文人常以“草堂”名其所居，以标风操之高雅。
树凋：树叶凋落。
叶干：叶子干枯。
素琴：不加装饰的琴。机虑：犹思虑。静：一作“息”。
早秋山居创作背景
根据诗题，此诗所写季节是秋天，地点似在长安鄠郊（今陕西户县），具体作年不详，约在唐文宗大和六年（832年）至开成五年（840年）之间。
参考资料：
1、刘学锴 注评．温庭筠诗词选．郑州：中州古籍出版社，2011：292-297
早秋山居鉴赏
此诗是借对山居气候景物的描写，反映诗人恬澹自适的心境，而以早秋为一篇着色重点。
秋天刚到，山家便觉爽气袭人。报晴的霜讯，也从每天凌晨得知，这就是“城市尚余三伏热，秋光先到野人家”的山居气候特征。首联以早寒和霜晴写山居早秋的生活感觉，有空中作画之妙。颔联拈出“树凋窗有日，池满水无声”人们常见的景物，写成妙手偶得的佳句，可见诗人静观事物，善于摄取的艺术本领。即歌德所说：“诗人的本领，在于他有足够的智慧，能从惯见的事物中看出引人入胜的侧面。”（《歌德对话录》）前半两联是对山居早秋特有的气候和景物作了客观描写，为下面两联的主观反应作铺衬。交代了气候和景物的变迁，颈联便就眼前户外闻见的动物行动作出主观的判断。“果落”、“叶干”都是秋天山中的实景，而从果落可推见到猿过，叶干闻知鹿行，可见这儿山深人少，猿鹿才会从容大胆地昼夜出来觅食，山居环境的寥落寂静，便可了然。用的正是前人“鸟鸣山更幽”的以动衬静的写作手法。由此引发居静自乐的闲适心情。尾联抒写在如此幽静绝尘的山林里，诗人手弄素琴，随着琴曲的旋律，满怀的私心杂念完全平静下来，这时透明的心境，伴随户外夜泉的清音，进入一种纯净空明的理想境界，深深领略到早秋山居清心旷怀的恬泊情趣。主观情志和客观自然融为一体，不但净化了诗人的心灵，同时也使读者接受一次山水自然的陶冶。
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李白《
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綦毋潜《
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过融上人兰若》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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