书湖阴先生壁
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宋代]：王安石
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茅檐长扫净无苔，花木成畦手自栽。
桑条索漠楝花繁，风敛余香暗度垣。
黄鸟数声残午梦，尚疑身属半山园。
书湖阴先生壁译文及注释
译文
茅草房庭院经常打扫，洁净得没有一丝青苔。花草树木成行成垄，都是主人亲手栽种。
庭院外一条小河保护着农田，将绿苗紧紧环绕；两座青山打开门来为人们送去绿色。
桑树枝叶繁茂，楝花也十分繁盛。清风吹送楝花余香，悄悄地送过墙头。
黄鸟数声啼叫惊起了午间的残梦，恍恍惚惚，我还以为身在旧居半山园中。
注释
书：书写，题诗。湖阴先生：本名杨德逢，隐居之士，是王安石晚年居住金陵（今江苏南京）紫金山时的邻居。
茅檐：茅屋檐下，这里指庭院。无苔：没有青苔。
成畦（qí ）：成垄成行。 畦：经过修整的一块块田地。
护田：这里指护卫环绕着园田。
排闼（tà）：开门。闼：小门。送青来：送来绿色。
楝花：苦楝花，常见于北方地区，花淡紫色，有芳香。
敛：收敛。垣（yuán）：矮墙。
黄鸟：黄莺。午梦：午睡时的梦。
半山园：王安石退隐江宁的住所，故址在今南京东郊。
参考资料：
1、陈文新 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：249-250
2、高克勤 等．王安石及其作品选．上海：上海古籍出版社，1998：55-56
书湖阴先生壁创作背景
《书湖阴先生壁二首》是王安石题在杨德逢屋壁上的一组诗。杨德逢，别号湖阴先生，是王安石退居金陵时的邻居和经常往来的朋友。半山园约落成于元丰二年至五年（1079—1082）之间，这首诗应当是元丰前期的作品。
参考资料：
1、陈文新 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：249-250
书湖阴先生壁鉴赏
这两首诗是题写在湖阴先生家屋壁上的，其中第一首很著名。这一首诗用典十分精妙，读者不知典故内容，并不妨碍对诗歌大意的理解；而诗歌的深意妙趣，则需要明白典故的出处才能更深刻地体会。
第一首前两句写杨家庭院之景，上句写庭院的洁净，下句写庭院的秀美。后两句写杨家周围的自然环境。本诗描写湖阴先生庭院和环境之美，也赞扬了湖阴先生爱勤劳、爱洁净、爱花木和热爱自然山水的良好品性和高尚的情趣。本诗的特点是熔写景写人于一炉。全诗写景，前两句是庭院之景，干净无苔是由于主人的“长扫”，“花木成畦”是由于主人的“自栽”，写景又写人。
后面句写自然环境之美，水“将绿绕”，山“送青来”，自然山水如此有情，也表现了主人爱好山水的情趣。描写景物亦以表现人，写景见人，人于景中，表现了客观景物的美，又写出了人的美，颇有一箭双雕的感觉。
其次运用映衬和拟人手法。如果说庭院的美是人工创造的美，那么环境的美是天然施设的美。两者互相映衬，组成了一幅内与外、人造与天然美结合的完美的境界。特别是后面一联，把山水拟人化，青山为主人送来秀丽的风光，居然闯门而入，把主人对自然景物的爱和自然景物对主人的爱融和一起，生动地表现了主人爱美的情趣，因而成了传诵的名句。
“一水”“两山”被转化为富于生命感情的亲切的形象，而为千古传诵。但后二句所以广泛传诵，主要还在于这样两点：一、拟人和描写浑然一体，交融无间。“一水护田”加以“绕”字，正见得那小溪曲折生姿，环绕着绿油油的农田，这不恰像一位母亲双手护着小孩的情景吗？著一“护”字，“绕”的神情明确显示。至于“送青”之前冠以“排闼”二字，更是神来之笔。它既写出了山色不只是深翠欲滴，也不只是可掬，而竟似扑向庭院而来！这种描写给予读者的美感极为新鲜、生动。它还表明山的距离不远，就在杨家庭院的门前，所以似乎伸手可及。尤其动人的，是写出了山势若奔，仿佛刚从远方匆匆来到，兴奋而热烈。所有这些都把握住了景物的特征，而这种种描写，又都和充分的拟人化结合起来那情调、那笔致，完全像在表现“有朋自远方来”的情景：情急心切，竟顾不得敲门就闯进庭院送上礼物。二者融合无间，相映生色，既奇崛又自然，既经锤炼又无斧凿之痕，清新隽永，韵味深长。二、这两句诗也与杨德逢的形象吻合。在前联里，已可看到一个人品高洁、富于生活情趣的湖阴先生。所居仅为“茅檐”，他不仅“扫”，而且“长扫”（即常扫），以至于“静无苔”；“花木成畦”，非赖他人，而是亲“手自栽”。可见他清静脱俗，朴实勤劳。这样一位高士，徜徉于山水之间，当然比别人更能欣赏到它们的美，更感到“一水”“两山”的亲近；诗人想象山水有情，和湖阴先生早已缔结了深厚的交谊。诗以“书湖阴先生壁”为题，处处关合，处处照应，由此也可见出诗人思致的绵密。
过去人讲王安石此二诗，只注意其第一首，其实第二首亦有佳处。第二首的佳处，乃在作者眼耳自身的通体感受，都被浓缩在二十八字之中。所写虽片刻间景象，却见出作者体物之心细如毫发。“桑条索漠”犹王维《渭川田家》所谓的“蚕眠桑叶稀”i指桑叶少而显得冷落无生气，属枯寂之静态，“柳花繁”者，犹晏殊《踏莎行》所谓的“春风不解禁杨花，乱扑行人面”，属缤纷之动态：此一句诉诸视觉。“风敛余香暗度垣”乃写嗅觉而兼及触觉，不但花香入鼻，连微风送爽也写出来了。第三句写午梦初醒未醒时偶然听到鸟啼，则在写听觉时兼涉愈觉。最后一句点明身在何处，却从反面说开去。这末一句不仅写出作者同杨德逢彼此不拘形迹，而且连宾至如归的情意也和盘托出，真是“梦里不知身是客”了。
总之，此二诗前一首于着力处见功夫，后一首却于平淡处见火候。必两首连读，始能察作者谋篇之妙。只选一首，似不无遗珠之憾。
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辛弃疾《
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鹧鸪天·黄沙道中》
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辛弃疾《
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江神子·博山道中书王氏壁》
王安石简介
唐代·王安石的简介
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王安石（1021年12月18日－1086年5月21日），字介甫，号半山，谥文，封荆国公。世人又称王荆公。汉族，北宋抚州临川人（今江西省抚州市临川区邓家巷人），中国北宋著名政治家、思想家、文学家、改革家，唐宋八大家之一。欧阳修称赞王安石：“翰林风月三千首，吏部文章二百年。老去自怜心尚在，后来谁与子争先。”传世文集有《王临川集》、《临川集拾遗》等。其诗文各体兼擅，词虽不多，但亦擅长，且有名作《桂枝香》等。而王荆公最得世人哄传之诗句莫过于《泊船瓜洲》中的“春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还。”
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清代：
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纪昀
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大雪幕荒榛，冻云压高树。冲寒上高岭，冈峦莽回互。
苍然暝色合，四望疑无路。迂曲得人踪，一线微通步。
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宿峡口
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明代：
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释今无
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今夜又依高峡宿，一年心眼且新鲜。风声入树猿应语，鹤影横江人未眠。
怪石看多追太古，微波寒渐起虚烟。吾生亦是无涯者，老去凭谁负此肩。
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劝石集贤饮
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宋代：
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刘筠
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豪家抱瓮擅风流，更燎薰炉白雪楼。
鲁笔休分科斗字，蜀都且换鹔鹴裘。