七哀诗
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两汉]：曹植
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明月照高楼，流光正徘徊。
上有愁思妇，悲叹有余哀。
借问叹者谁？言是宕子妻。
君行逾十年，孤妾常独栖。
君若清路尘，妾若浊水泥。
浮沉各异势，会合何时谐？
愿为西南风，长逝入君怀。
君怀良不开，贱妾当何依？
七哀诗译文及注释
译文
明月照在高楼之上，洒下的光芒在楼上游移不定。
楼上有一位哀愁的妇人，正在悲哀的叹息。
请问楼上唉声叹气的是谁？回答说是异地客旅者的妻子。
丈夫离开超过了十年，妾身常常一个人。
夫君像是路上的轻尘般飘忽，妾身像是污浊的水中的淤泥。
浮尘和沉泥各自相异，什么时候才能相互汇合相互和谐？
可以的话，我愿意化作西南风，在人间消失而进入夫君的怀抱中！
夫君的胸怀早已不向我开放了，我还有什么可依靠的呢？
注释
七哀：该篇是闺怨诗，也可能借此“讽君”。七哀作为一种乐府新题，起于汉末。
流光：洒下的月光。
余哀：不尽的忧伤。
宕（dàng）子：荡子。指离乡外游，久而不归之人。
逾：超过。
独栖（qī）：孤独一个人居住。
清：形容路上尘。浊（zhuó）：形容水中泥。“清”、“浊”二者本是一物。
浮：就清了。沉：就浊了。比喻夫妇（或兄弟骨肉）本是一体，如今地位（势）不同了。
逝：往。
君怀：指宕子的心。良：很久，早已。
参考资料：
1、童岭. 释曹植《七哀》诗“愿为西南风，长逝入君怀”句[J]. 古典文学知识，2010，(2)：139-146.
2、程千帆．程千帆全集第十卷古诗今选（上）．石家庄：河北教育出版社，2000：76
七哀诗创作背景
曹操逝世后，曹丕继位，对曹植十分防备。曹植满腔抱负无处施展，而手足胞兄对他处处防范，令曹植心灰意懒。曹植自知功名无望，于是将满腔哀怨寄托在和他具备相同情感的怨妇的愁苦里。
七哀诗鉴赏
诗人自比“宕子妻”，以思妇被遗弃的不幸遭遇来比喻自己在政治上被排挤的境况，以思妇与丈夫的离异来比喻他和身为皇帝的曹丕之间的生疏“甚于路人”、“殊于胡越”。诗人有感于兄弟之间“浮沉异势，不相亲与”，进一步以“清路尘”与“浊水泥”来比喻二人境况悬殊。“愿为西南风，长逝人君怀”，暗吐出思君报国的衷肠；而“君怀良不开，贱妾当何依”，则对曹丕的绝情寡义表示愤慨，流露出无限凄惶之感。全诗处处从思妇的哀怨着笔，句句暗寓诗人的遭际，诗情与寓意浑然无间，意旨含蓄，笔致深婉，确有“情兼雅怨”的特点。
这首诗的起句既写实景，又渲染出凄清冷寂的气氛，笼罩全诗。“明月照高楼，流光正徘徊”运用了“兴”的手法带出女主角的背景：明月高照，思妇独倚高楼，对影自怜，思念远方的夫君。月照高楼之时，正是相思最切之际，那徘徊徜徉的月光勾起思妇的缕缕哀思——曹植所创造的“明月”、“高楼”、“思妇”这一组意象，被后代诗人反复运用来表达闺怨。明月在中国诗歌传统里，起着触发怀想相思的作用，比如李白的“举头望明月，低头思故乡”。月光月夜，会撩起诗人绵绵不尽的思绪，勾起心中思念怪挂怀的人或事。
次两句“上有愁思妇，悲叹有余哀”运用了“赋”的表达方法，承接上两句直接点出该诗的主角——愁思妇的情怀——悲叹和哀伤。当皎洁的明月照着高楼，清澄的月光如徘徊不止的流水轻轻晃动著，伫立在高楼上登高望远的思妇，在月光的沐浴下伤叹着无尽哀愁。因为思念良人而不得见，甚至音讯亦不能通。这是典型的白描手法，即“赋”的表达方法。
第五、六句“借问叹者谁，言是客子妻”也是以“赋”的方法来表达的，但是以问答的方式来达到“赋”的表达效果的：“请问楼上唉声叹气的是谁？回答说是异地客旅者的妻子。”直截了当，干脆利落，明白如话。曹植接着采用自问自答的形式，牵引出怨妇幽幽地叙述悲苦的身世，这同时也是曹植牵动了对自己崎岖境遇的感慨。从明月撩动心事到引述内心苦闷，曹植写得流畅自然，不著痕迹，成为“建安绝唱”。
第七、八句“君行逾十年，孤妾常独栖”承接上文，继续以“赋”的手法表达。思妇诉说她的孤独和寂寞：“夫君已远行在外超过十年了，我只好孤清地独自栖居。”透过思妇的诉说进一步描述思妇的哀叹，非常直接。
第九、十句“君若清路尘，妾若浊水泥”运用了“比”的手法进一步表达思妇的哀怨情怀。将夫君比喻为路中的清尘，将自己比喻为污浊的水和泥，喻意两人相差太远，难以融合在一起，也比喻夫君高高在上，对己不屑一顾，自己卑微在下，不能攀附，非常悲哀。曹植于此自比“浊水泥”的弃妇，“清路尘”指的是曹丕曹睿。曹丕继位后不再顾念手足之情，疏远甚至防范著自己的亲弟。曹睿称王时，曹植多次上表上书自试，终究无法获得任用。所以曹植用了浊泥和清尘的远离相互映照，衬托出和兄长侄子形势两异的遥远距离。
第十一、十二句“浮沉各异势，会合何时谐”承接上文，同时以“比”和“赋”的手法表达思妇的哀怨情怀。清尘是浮的，水泥是沉的，浮沉所处的位置是不同的，因而和合在一起的机会是渺茫的。浮沉是比喻，点描出不能谐和的悲哀。
第十三、十四句“愿为西南风，长逝入君怀”是运用了“比”的手法表达思妇的心志。思妇见弃，不单不以怨报之，反而愿意牺牲自己：“可以的话，我愿意化作西南风，在人间消失而进入夫君的怀抱中！”思妇对夫君何等的忠诚和忠贞！为了得见夫君，不惜将自己比喻为西南风，化入君怀！曹植盼望着骨肉相谐和好，期盼能在曹丕曹睿身旁效力献功。所以他说但愿能化作一阵西南风，随风重投丈夫，也就是兄长侄子的怀抱。
第十五、十六句“君怀良不开，贱妾当何依”运用了“赋”的方法表达思妇被冷待的遭遇和情怀，思妇的思念就象那缕飘逝的轻风，结尾的这缕轻风与开首的那道月光共同构成了一种幽寂清冷的境界。思妇很了解夫君的性情，超过十年了，音讯全无，“夫君的胸怀早已不向我开放了，我还有什么可依靠的呢？”哀怨之情，直透长空。这两句的表达非常直接，正是“赋”的典型手法。曹丕曹睿始终防备怀疑曹植，曹植“戮力上国，流惠下民，建永世之业，流金石之功”的抱负就不能实现。
该诗通篇表面上描写思妇诉说被夫君遗弃的哀怨情怀，实际上暗喻自己被长兄疏远排斥的苦闷和郁抑，这是另一种意义上运用了“比”的表达方法，这是诗人更深层的自况自喻。
“愿为西南风，长逝入君怀”是三国魏曹植《七哀诗》里的名句，这是坚决而执著的持守誓言。独守十年，没有沉沦和颓废，思妇依旧祈愿自己化作长风，随风而去，与君相依，这是思妇此生唯一的期待。子建也是如此。他在认清无常荒诞的命运之后，并没有放弃初衷，而是“长怀永慕，忧心如酲”（《应诏》）。
曹植以弃妇自比是其后期诗歌的特色之一。除了这首，其他如《浮萍篇》、《杂诗》等诗里皆有怨妇形象的运用。曹植这首里的弃妇，就是用作象喻的。曹植具有致君为国的理想，不仅是曹植个人的志向，同时也是当时整个时代的风气反映。可是抱著成就功名期盼的臣子，如果不能获得君主的赏识任用，那便全无施展才能抱负之机，没有办法实现自我的价值。这样的君臣关系，就彷佛那个时代全心托靠男性的女子，一朝被夫君离弃，那就是没了依傍的怨妇，失去生存的价值以及生命的重心。
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曹植《
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七哀诗》
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杜甫《
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野望》
曹植简介
唐代·曹植的简介
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曹植（192－232），字子建，沛国谯（今安徽省亳州市）人。三国曹魏著名文学家，建安文学代表人物。魏武帝曹操之子，魏文帝曹丕之弟，生前曾为陈王，去世后谥号“思”，因此又称陈思王。后人因他文学上的造诣而将他与曹操、曹丕合称为“三曹”，南朝宋文学家谢灵运更有“天下才有一石，曹子建独占八斗”的评价。王士祯尝论汉魏以来二千年间诗家堪称“仙才”者，曹植、李白、苏轼三人耳。
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童轩
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汗血曾劳百战场，空遗踣铁在文房。砚台夜迹元霜滑，笔阵朝冲紫雾香。
削玉谩劳龙作剂，藏金聊藉豹为囊。可怜一蹶无人识，却欲追踪后二王。
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竹溪直院盛称起予草堂诗之善暇日览之多有可恨
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宋代：
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刘克庄
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君子防微谨，嫌疑远未然。从来纳履处，不傍种瓜田。
樊圃芸初熟，耕畦瓞已绵。黄台虽可摘，东郭未尝穿。
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华亭吴江道中偶作十绝 其七
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唐代：
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朱长文
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烟暝重湖日欲明，轻篷遥递浦前声。良鱼好入深渊去，不为鸣榔取次惊。
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哭中齐兄三首
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宋代：
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汪炎昶
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我方缠世故，而已返于真。
亦岂异流俗，自难逢若人。
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蝶恋花
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：
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黄侃
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又是斜阳催客去。衰柳寒芜，细认同来处。满载秋情兼别绪。
无言自向天涯路。