田上
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唐代]:崔道融
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人牛力俱尽,东方殊未明。
田上译文及注释
译文
春雨已下得很充足了,以致连高处的田里也存满了一片白茫茫的水,为了抢种,农民披着蓑衣冒着雨,半夜就来田里耕作。
等到人和牛的力都使尽的时候,天还远远未亮呢。
注释
高田:山上的旱田。 雨足:雨十分大,充足。 白:白茫茫。
披蓑(suō):披着草衣。 蓑:蓑衣。
俱:都。
殊:尤,还,简直。未明:天不亮。
田上创作背景
此诗为作者身在乡村,在一个雨夜中,偶观一位老农冒雨耕作的样子,不由想到众多劳动人民而作。
参考资料:
1、于海娣 等.唐诗鉴赏大全集.北京:中国华侨出版社,2010年12月版:第425-426页
田上鉴赏
这首诗写一位农民在雨天半夜就辛劳耕作的情形。诗的开头写久旱逢甘霖,夜里下了一场大雨。“雨足”一句,是说雨水很多,就连高处的田地也积了许多水,而成为一片水白色。作者用“足”、“白”二字,既突出强调了雨水之多,又暗示了农夫耕田将会倍加艰难和辛劳,为下文作了铺垫。“披蓑半夜耕”一句,乍看之下,让人想到不合情理。哪里有农夫披着蓑衣半夜里耕地的呢?但细细品来,此句却是蕴意深含。可能是由于雨水过多,农夫们耽误了播种的时间,泥水里,又是冒着雨,耕田的吃力是可想而知的。
后两句用“力俱尽”与“殊未明”作鲜明的对比,反映了农民早出晚归、不知疲倦的辛苦劳动生活。虽然“人牛力俱尽弦,但劳动的时间还很长,天亮之前和天亮之后农民将如何坚持下去,这是留给读者想象的内容了。这首小诗十分通俗,明白如话,虽然是反映农民辛苦的,但它是通过耕作情形的具体而又细致的描驽来表现的,它取的是一位农民最平常的一个劳动镜头。风雨里,半夜就去耕作,像牛一样出力,全诗语言清新明快,形象地揭示了在封建社会,尤其是在动乱年代,地方水利失修,农民靠“天”吃饭的这一事实,也是封建社会里的中国农民的劳动生活写照。
这首诗纯用白描,立意新颖,语言通俗流畅,仅短短二十个字,就准确地描绘了农夫披蓑夜耕的情景,表达了诗人对农夫苦难生活的满腔同情,具有一定的现实性。
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雍裕之《
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农家望晴》
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韦庄《
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忆昔》
崔道融简介
唐代·崔道融的简介
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崔道融,江陵人。唐末诗人。以征辟为永嘉(今浙江省温州市)令。累官至右补阙。后避居于闽,因号“东瓯散人”。与司空图为诗友,人称江陵才子。工绝句。僖宗乾符二年(875年),于永嘉山斋集诗500首,辑为《申唐诗》3卷。另有《东浮集》9卷,当为入闽后所作。
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