采桑子·明月多情应笑我
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清代]:纳兰性德
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明月多情应笑我,笑我如今。辜负春心,独自闲行独自吟。
近来怕说当时事,结遍兰襟。月浅灯深,梦里云归何处寻。
采桑子·明月多情应笑我译文及注释
译文
多情的明月应嘲笑我的无情,嘲笑我辜负了她对我的柔情。
如今她已离我远去,我只能独自一人漫无目的地前行,独自一人悲伤地吟唱。
近来不敢提起当初的事情,那时我还和她情投意合、相亲相爱。
如今在惨淡的月光下。在暗淡的灯影里,远去的情人就像梦里悠悠飘去的一朵白云,无处追寻。
注释
多情应笑我:可笑我有如此多的柔情。宋·苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》:“故国神游,多情应笑我,早生华发。”
春心:指春日景色引发出的意兴和情怀。《楚辞·招魂》:“目极千里兮伤春心,魂兮归来哀江南。”王逸注:“言湖泽博平,春时草短,望见千里令人愁思而伤心也。”
兰襟:芬芳的衣襟。比喻知已之友。
参考资料:
1、(清)纳兰性德 编:赵明华.《纳兰词典评》: 黑龙江科学技术出版社, 2010-12-1
采桑子·明月多情应笑我创作背景
这首词的写作背景有两种,一是怀友之作。还有一说是,这首词是纳兰为沈宛而写,当时纳兰娶江南艺妓沈宛为妾侍,后来因为家庭的压力,二人被迫分离。这首词就是纳兰在离别之后,思念沈宛的佳作。
参考资料:
1、纳兰性德著;亦歌解析.落尽梨花月又西:北京联合出版公司,2016.01:第66页
采桑子·明月多情应笑我鉴赏
纳兰不仅看重爱情,也很注重友情,他“在贵不骄,处富能贫”,短短一生中结交了不少朋友,说他“结遍兰襟”也不算夸大。他的老师徐乾学的弟弟徐元文在《挽诗》中赞道:“子之亲师,服善不倦。子之求友,照古有烂。寒暑则移,金石无变。非俗是循,繁义是恋。”
开篇之笔“明月多情应笑我”,几乎令人惊艳。明月是如此的多情,一定会笑我此时的孤单落寞,辜负春心。等读到“独自闲行独自吟”这一句,这样的意兴阑珊、茫然心绪,描摹与叙说近似白话,朴实自然可谓独步天下了。
自古多情的人总是空惹烦恼,所以纳兰的一方闲章刻上“白伤多情”四字,也正是表明了他由于“多情”而常给自己带来失落、烦恼和惆怅。正是这种失落哀伤之感使他“近来怕说当时事”。
结句的“月浅灯深,梦里云归何处寻”,化用了晏几道《清平乐》中的“梦云归处难寻,微凉暗人香襟。犹恨那回庭院,依前月浅灯深”,却是平白直浅,流畅自然,意境幽深而不乏优美动人。
该词做得非常细腻,上片写出纳兰低沉黯然的心情,同时还烘托出纳兰怅然若失的心态。“辜负”、“闲行”、“独自”从这些词语中,能够体会到纳兰内心的寂寞和无聊,只有自己吟唱自己的孤独,因为他人不懂。
而到了下片的时候,词人便解释为什么自己会有如此沉郁的心情,首先是害怕回首往昔,词人害怕提起当日的事情。因为往事不堪回首,一切过去的都将不再重来,纳兰面对的回忆不过是空城一座,而词人自己,只有在城外兴叹。
这也就是为何纳兰会在月光下愁苦,在灯光下,午夜梦回,依然能够温习往日的岁月。不论这首词是纳兰作给朋友的,还是沈宛的。都是词人发自内心的感慨,细腻单纯,干净得几乎透明。
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杜甫《
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去蜀》
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柳宗元《
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哭连州凌员外司马》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德(1655-1685),满洲人,字容若,号楞伽山人,清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉,在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期,其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王,却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景,加之个人的超逸才华,使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇?等闲变却故人心,却道故人心易变。”富于意境,是其众多代表作之一。
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