生查子·关山魂梦长
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宋代]:晏几道
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关山魂梦长,鱼雁音尘少。两鬓可怜青,只为相思老。
归梦碧纱窗,说与人人道。真个别离难,不似相逢好。
生查子·关山魂梦长译文及注释
译文
荒漠凄凉的关山,常常令我魂牵梦萦,那远在塞外的亲人难以寄家信回来。可惜我两鬓秀美的青丝,只因为日日盼望、夜夜相思而渐渐变白了。
到他回来的时候,我要依偎在他怀里,傍着碧绿的纱窗共诉衷肠。我一定要告诉他:“那别离的凄苦真是难耐,哪有团聚在一起好度时光。”
注释
生查子:唐教坊曲名,后用为词调。文人词始见于晚唐韩偓所作。《考正白香词谱》注云:“本名《生楂子》,其后从省笔作‘查’。五言八句,唐时作者,平仄多无定格....至宋以后始奉魏承班一首为律。”此高速异名颇多,有《楚云深》、《陌上郎》、《愁风月》等。
关山:泛指关隘和山川。
鱼雁:指书信。《乐府诗集·相和歌辞十三·饮马长城窟行之一》:“呼儿烹鲤鱼,中有尺素书。”《汉书·苏武传》:“教使者谓单于,言天子射上林中,得雁,足有系帛书。”后因以“鱼雁”代称书信。
音尘:音信,消息。
怜:怜惜。
归梦:归乡之梦。
碧纱窗:装有绿色薄纱的窗。
人人:对所亲近的人的呢称。
真个:确实,真正。
参考资料:
1、吕明涛,谷学彝编著 .宋诗三百首.北京: 中华书局,2009.7 : 第65页
2、上彊邨民(编) 蔡义江(解). 宋词三百首全解 .上海:复旦大学出版社, 2008/11/1 : 第66页
生查子·关山魂梦长鉴赏
这首词抒写相思怀远之情。上片怀旧。以“关山”总领词人怀归思亲之根由。词人以显贵公子远涉关山,突感孤单寂寞,魂牵梦系于家中亲人,欲归不得,遂怨关山太长;又不见亲人书信得以慰藉,遂怨替人传递书信的鱼雁太少。以痴语写真情,令人莞尔。“两鬓”二句写词人闷时对镜,见两鬓青青,正是青春华茂,遂觉远离家乡实为虚耗青春,便突发感慨:“哎,可怜哟!我这满头青丝,就要为相思变老喽!”故作夸张,憨态可掬,情趣盎然,颇见性情。下片梦归,纯由想象生发。词人怀归情切,于是忽然“梦归碧纱窗”,与爱侣在碧纱窗之闺阁梦中相见,大感快慰,遂向亲爱的人儿倾诉衷肠:“离别实在太难太苦,真不如相逢团聚好!”这是词人亲身感受的一句实话,也是向爱侣表达思慕的一句痴语:“可想死你了!”此又是词人至性痴情的真率发露。此词以简约的文辞抒写至痴真情,真实而亲切,于平淡中见韵味。
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温庭筠《
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河传·湖上》
晏几道简介
唐代·晏几道的简介
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晏几道(1030-1106,一说1038—1110 ,一说1038-1112),男,汉族,字叔原,号小山,著名词人,抚州临川文港沙河(今属江西省南昌市进贤县)人。晏殊第七子。历任颍昌府许田镇监、乾宁军通判、开封府判官等。性孤傲,晚年家境中落。词风哀感缠绵、清壮顿挫。一般讲到北宋词人时,称晏殊为大晏,称晏几道为小晏。《雪浪斋日记》云:“晏叔原工小词,不愧六朝宫掖体。”如《鹧鸪天》中的“舞低杨柳楼心月,歌尽桃花扇底风”等等词句,备受人们的赞赏。
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