清平乐·洛阳愁绝
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唐代]：温庭筠
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洛阳愁绝，杨柳花飘雪。终日行人恣攀折，桥下水流呜咽。
上马争劝离觞，南浦莺声断肠。愁杀平原年少，回首挥泪千行。
清平乐·洛阳愁绝译文及注释
译文
当我辞别洛阳的时候，春暮的景色更使我伤心欲绝，杨花柳絮飘舞着如漫天飞雪。远行的人天天折走柳枝，桥下的流水时时都在呜咽，唱不完送别的悲歌。
上马时朋友争劝送别的酒。我最怕那南浦的莺啼，声声都是断肠的歌喉。燕赵儿郎也伤愁，挥不尽千行泪，又回头。
注释
1.清平乐：原为唐教坊曲名，取用汉乐府“清乐”、“平乐”这两个乐调而命名。后用作词牌名。《宋史·乐志》入“大石调”，《金奁集》、《乐章集》并入“越调”。双调四十六字，八句，前片四仄韵，后片三平韵。
2.洛阳：最早为东周都城，此后后汉、西晋、北魏、隋等朝均建都于此。唐时为东都。
3.恣（zì）攀折：任意攀折。恣，一作“争”。
4.离觞（shāng）：饯别之酒。
5.南浦：南面的水边。后常用称送别之地。
6.平原年少：泛指贵族子弟，这里指远行的人。平原，古地名，战国时赵邑，即今山东省平原县。
参考资料：
1、赵崇祚编 徐国良注．花间集．武汉：武汉出版社，1995：19-20
2、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：79-81
3、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，2008：64-66
清平乐·洛阳愁绝创作背景
温庭筠存《清平乐》小令两阕，此乃惜别之作。一般送别之作多写凄切，而此词却别具一种阳刚之美，因此有人猜测可能“作于被贬之时”（见《唐五代四大名家词》）。
参考资料：
1、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：79-81
清平乐·洛阳愁绝鉴赏
这是一首写离情的词。上阕写桥上送别。“洛阳愁绝，杨柳花飘雪。”一开头就点出了这次送别的地点和时间：正值阳春天气，洛阳城里柳絮纷飞，如同雪花飘飘。这时有人要远行，朋友们都聚集在桥上为他送别。“终日行人恣攀折，桥下水流呜咽。”按照古人风俗，送别要折杨柳以相赠，用来表示依依不舍之情。因为经这桥上远行的人络绎不断，来这桥上送行的人成群结队，所以整天都有人折杨柳枝，整天都有人执手呜咽。送别的哭声和桥下的流水声发生共鸣，那声音真是撼人心肺。这里不是直写离愁，而是侧面烘托离愁的气氛。
下阕具体描绘离别的场面以及别后的心情。“上马争劝离觞，南浦莺声飞断肠。”行人上马就要起程了，这时朋友们争着劝饮最后一杯酒，大家便挥手告别。江淹《别赋》有句“送君南浦，伤如之何”。南浦是地名，在福建，这里借指送别之处。一旦离开洛阳，又是那样的牵肠挂肚。忽然听到莺啼婉啭，好似声声劝人留下，实在不忍离去。换头二句所写情景，愁绝可见。“愁杀平原年少，回首挥泪千行。”平原年少，出自“我本平原儿，少年事远行”。平原作为燕赵之地，古多慷慨悲歌之士，交友至深，故离愁使人格外伤感。结尾二句先以“愁杀”二字与首句的“愁绝”呼应，点出情怀，再以“回首挥泪千行”六个字将依依离情与主人公的无限悲苦，形象地揭示了出来，一种难舍难分之情态跃然纸上。
一般送别之作多写得凄凄切切。温庭筠这首词虽然格调也不高，但并无儿女之态，脂粉之气。大家公认温庭筠词“大半托词房帷，极其婉雅”，这首词却是个例外，别具一种阳刚之美。
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晏殊《
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破阵子·燕子欲归时节》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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