思佳客·赋半面女髑髅
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宋代]：吴文英
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钗燕拢云睡起时。隔墙折得杏花枝。青春半面妆如画，细雨三更花又飞。
轻爱别，旧相知。断肠青冢几斜晖。断红一任风吹起，结习空时不点衣。
思佳客·赋半面女髑髅鉴赏
这首题为“赋半面女髑髅”的词，是吴文英借对神秘莫测的鬼魂世界的描述，反映对现实人生的消极悲欢，也借由此触动的情感创伤，寄托了他对不幸女子青春生命的哀悼。
吴文英是南宋末情感丰富而颇具幻觉的词人之一，他以奇妙的想象和凝炼生动的笔调从另一视角去赋女髑髅。将它幻化成了一个充满生活情趣的活的女鬼。
她一如生前一样，睡得之后以钗燕轻轻梳理长长的香云。钗燕即玉钗，为妇女首饰。“云”即指妇女浓密的秀发。“钗燕拢云”意味着粗略草率的梳妆，显出睡意未消，心情慵倦，以此从侧面地暗示了其难掩的天然丽质，古时人们相信，鬼魂也同活人一样生活着，所不同的只是他们生活在阴间，而活动在夜深人静之时。她“睡起时”已是夜半更深了。南宋诗人曾有“春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来”之句。这女鬼悠扬而轻易地从隔墙折来杏花枝嬉弄玩耍。这里所表现的不是单纯的鬼趣，而是欲以说明她并未忘记春的到来。而特别折下标志艳丽春光的杏花，则表明她对人间美好事物依然留恋。第三句掉回词笔点明所赋的词题。在幻觉中词人觉得这已不是“半面女髑髅”，而是“青春半面”的美丽女子，妆饰如画。以上三句极其恰当地描述了女鬼的生活情趣，词笔都是轻快活泼的。在“细雨三更花又飞”句，词情突然转变，以凄厉而悲惨的意象表示一个年轻生命的夭折。这种不幸的夭折，世间不知有多少。而从面前的这半面女髑髅，使人自然地又想到这也是一个早天的生命。“花又飞”令作者的想象离开本题而勾起对美好情事的感伤。自然地过渡到下阙的自我抒情。
“轻爱别”是词人惋惜这早天的女子轻易地便恩爱永别：“旧相知”是幻觉中觉得半面女髑髅好似旧日相知的情人，因为她的命运也是如此。简短的两句，包含了说不尽的人世沧桑和死生无常的凄凉情感。
词情在此之后转为强烈，紧接的一句“断肠青冢几斜晖”推向高潮。青冢借指妇女的坟墓。现实环境中，芳冢旁挂着几缕落日的寒晖，特别容易令人感到凄凉和心酸，这里便埋葬着昔日所恋的情人，触景生情，怎不悲痛欲绝。“断肠”正表达了这种悲痛的强烈程度。结尾两句，词意大大转折，作者似乎也试图以超脱的心情进行自我安慰，以减轻悲痛。但这里的“花”并非指鲜花，而是“断红”。这很切词题，以“断红”借指旧日相知的亡灵，它有感有知，任风吹起。可是词人却有意抑制住自己的情感，努力使心境趁归平静。结尾两句本欲以淡语忘情，但从全词所表现的那种对那死去的年轻女子的同情、爱怜之情和由此引起的内心的波澜，都足以说明留在心目中的许多深刻的印象是不易轻轻抹掉的。
从这首词的内容看，很显然已是他晚年的作品，其间寄托了词人无限的哀思。这首词在艺术表现方面将幻觉的描写与主观抒情巧妙地结合在一起，词意较为含蓄曲折，甚至有些晦涩，但其间却隐藏着作者不愿为人所知的真实情感。联系作者一生的际遇看，读者亦不难看到这首小词优美的辞情和生动的形象是具有很强的感染力的。
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白居易《
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欲与元八卜邻先有是赠》
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陆游《
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临江仙（离果州作）》
吴文英简介
唐代·吴文英的简介
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吴文英（约1200～1260），字君特，号梦窗，晚年又号觉翁，四明（今浙江宁波）人。原出翁姓，后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。有《梦窗词集》一部，存词三百四十余首，分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃，风格雅致，多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作，号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。
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