清平乐·朱颜渐老
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元代]：白朴
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朱颜渐老，白发添多少？桃李春风浑过了，留得桑榆残照。
江南地迥无尘，老夫一片闲云。恋杀青山不去，青山未必留人。
清平乐·朱颜渐老译文及注释
译文
青春的容颜逐渐衰老，鬓角又增添了多少白发？桃李、春风就这么全都过去了，只剩下夕阳的余晖映出桑榆长长的影子。
再次来到江南，无一丝烟火之气，自己就像是一片飘逸的闲云。我留恋这青山，不想离开，青山却不一定能永远留在欣赏的人。
注释
清平乐：词牌名，又名《清平乐令》、《醉东风》、《忆萝月》，为宋词常用词牌。
朱颜：红颜，红色的面孔，指的是年轻的面孔。
渐老：慢慢地变老了。
桃李：《诗经》中有“华如桃李”的句子，后世用来比喻青春年华。
浑：全、整个。
桑榆：指日暮。后常比喻晚年、垂老之年。
迥：远。
无尘：不着尘埃，表示超凡脱俗。
老夫：作者自指。
闲云：悠闲无碍的白云。古人常用来形容自己无为逍遥的品性。
恋杀：爱杀。杀，用在动词后面，表示程度之深。
参考资料：
1、徐寒．《历代古词鉴赏 下 》：中国书店出版社， 2011年：508页
2、薛玉坤，鞠婷，何抗著．《古小词精华 》 ：苏州大学出版社，2011年：178页
3、诸葛文著 ．《三天读懂五千年最美古诗词 》：中国法制出版社，2015年：254页
4、邓绍基 周秀才 侯光复主编．《中国古代十大词人精品全集：集外卷 》 ：大连出版社，1998年：199页
清平乐·朱颜渐老创作背景
此词从未有人编年。据词中提到的地名“江南地迥无尘”，时间“老夫一片闲云”，说明这首词也是晚年寓居建康时所作。其上限不得超过元世祖至元十七年庚辰（1280年）。
参考资料：
1、徐凌云校注．《天籁集编年校注 》：安徽大学出版社，2005年：165页
2、王筱云． 《词曲卷(二)---辽、金、元、明、清(词) 》 ：百花文艺出版社，1994 年：97页
清平乐·朱颜渐老鉴赏
上阕四句慨叹流光倏忽即逝，转眼之间，青春已逝，迟暮之年已匆匆到来。第一二出句语平实自然，但欠意象与内蕴；然第三四句对这艺术上的欠缺立即作了恰如其分的补充：“桃李春风浑过了”不啻是“朱颜渐老”的内蕴，它以“桃李春风”这带有模糊性的美的意象，使人产生丰富而美丽的联想，想见诗人青春年少之时曾有过怎样令人神往的、销魂的经历。“浑过了”这一“浑”字用得极好，看似俚俗，意蕴甚丰，它既有“等闲”之意，又有“全部”之谓，用于句中就把“一切的一切全部白白流走了”的怅惆之情作了确切而完满的表达，真可谓以一当十，又能体现时代和个性的特征与风格。“留得桑榆残照”与“白发添多少”又是一组相辅相成的对应。《后汉书·冯异传》云：“失之东隅，收之桑榆”。“桑榆”一向为晚年的代称。诗人这里将“桑榆”与“残照”连用，就描绘出一幅夕阳西沉，斜晖照在桑榆之间的图象，这样就把抽象的代称变成了形象的写照，把人生的暮年晚境作了富有视觉性的象征性的表述。尤其与“桃李春风”对比，更显出桑榆之年的苍凉凄恻。
此词下阕首句“江南地回无尘”即指诗人回金陵之后所过的脱离“红尘”的隐逸生涯。白朴早年身居北国，曾受教于大诗人元好问家中。元朝统一后徒居金陵，放情于山水之间，寄情于翰墨之中。“地回无尘”四字颇具匠心，诗人不说“人回”而说“地回”暗喻其徒隐江南系顺应天地运转的自然规律；而“无尘”既写出江南天明地净的山光水色，也暗喻诗人从此离开了世俗的“烟尘”。“老夫一片闲云”进一步表达了白朴晚年那种超脱、豁达的心情，他把自己比作一朵自由自在地飘逸于天际的“闲云”。此句很可能是从李白“孤立独去闲”句脱化而来，但由于主体对象的转移，而赋予了全新的内容。“恋杀青山不去，青山未必留人”二句是此词的点睛之笔：诗人留连忘情于青山，这表现了诗人对大自然的无限钟情。
然而人的生命毕竟的是短暂的，与千万年青青的山峦相比，人生不过是流星划过长空船的一瞬，因此青山即使有情而欲留人在，也“未必”能把人常留于她的怀抱之中。诗人不仅以社会人生为背景，透视人生的价值与应有的归宿；而且以宇宙万物为参照，估量生命本体的存在——不过是一个稍纵即逝的过程。这大概就是这首小词令人回味咀嚼不已的主要原因。
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李白《
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饯校书叔云》
白朴简介
唐代·白朴的简介
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白朴（1226—约1306） 原名恒，字仁甫，后改名朴，字太素，号兰谷。汉族，祖籍隩州（今山西河曲附近），后徙居真定（今河北正定县），晚岁寓居金陵（今南京市），终身未仕。他是元代著名的文学家、曲作家、杂剧家，与关汉卿、马致远、郑光祖合称为元曲四大家。代表作主要有《唐明皇秋夜梧桐雨》、《裴少俊墙头马上》、《董月英花月东墙记》等。
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