示周续之祖企谢景夷三郎
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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负疴颓檐下，终日无一欣。
药石有时闲，念我意中人。
相去不寻常，道路邈何因？
周生述孔业，祖谢响然臻。
道丧向千载，今朝复斯闻。
马队非讲肆，校书亦已勤。
老夫有所爱，思与尔为邻。
愿言诲诸子，从我颍水滨。
示周续之祖企谢景夷三郎译文及注释
译文
破败茅屋抱病居，终日无事可欢欣。
药石有时暂停用，经常思念我友人。
彼此相隔并非远，感到路遥是何因？
周生传授孔子业，祖谢响应遂紧跟。
儒道衰微近千载，如今于此又听闻。
马厩岂能作讲舍，尔等校书太辛勤。
我爱古书崇儒道，愿与你们作近邻。
真心奉劝诸好友，随我隐居颍水滨。
注释
周掾（yuàn）祖谢：指周续之、祖企、谢景夷三人。周续之：字道祖，博通五经，入庐山事释慧远，与刘遗民、陶渊明号称“浔阳三隐”。祖企、谢景夷：据萧统《陶渊明传》所记，二人皆为州学士。
疴（ē）：病。颓檐：指破败的房子。颓：倒塌，衰败。
欣：欢喜。
药石：治病的药物和贬石。泛指药物。闲：间，间断。
意中人：所思念的人，指周续之等三人。
寻、常：古代计量长度的单位，八尺为寻，两寻为常。
邈（miǎo）：遥远。
周生：指周续之。生，旧时对读书人的称呼。述孔业：传授孔子的儒教。
祖、谢：祖企、谢景夷。响然臻（zhēn）：响应而至。臻：至，到。
道：指孔子的儒家之道。向：将近。
复斯闻：“复闻斯”的倒装。斯：这，指“道”。
马队：指马厩，养马之处。讲肆：指讲堂，讲舍。
校（jiào）书：校对。订正书籍。勤：勤苦。
老夫：作者自指。
尔：你们。
言：语助词，无意义。诲：劝说。一作“谢”。
颍（yǐng）水：河名，发源于河南登封县境，入安徽省境淮水。晋时皇甫谧《高士传》记，传说尧时有位隐士叫许由，隐居于颍水之滨，箕山之下，尧召他出来做官，许由不愿听，洗耳于颍水。随着这个上古高士的故事在中古时代的传播，颍水便逐渐成为隐逸之所的代语。陶此诗意在以隐居相召。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：63-66
示周续之祖企谢景夷三郎创作背景
这是东晋文学家陶渊明的诗作。此诗作于东晋安帝义熙十二年（416年），当时陶渊明五十二岁。年八月，刘裕北征后秦，世子刘义符留守建康，延请周续之馆于安乐寺讲《礼》月余，复归庐山。因周续之校书讲《礼》办公地点与马队很近，陶渊明写下此诗相赠。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：63-66
示周续之祖企谢景夷三郎鉴赏
这首五言诗是陶渊明为周续之、祖企和谢景夷三人，在马队旁边那样极差的环境讲解和校勘《礼记》所作。萧统《陶渊明传》说：“刺史檀韶苦请续之出州，与学士祖企、谢景夷三人共在城北讲《礼》，加以雠校。所住公廨，近于马队。是故渊明示其诗云：‘周生述孔业，祖谢响然臻。马队非讲肆，校书亦已勤。’”从诗中“意中人”等语中可以看出，陶渊明与周续之等三人亦为知交好友。
诗从作者自己说起，诗人说自己养病在破败住宅的屋檐下，整日里没有一件高兴的事。除服用药剂和砭石之外还有不少空闲时间，于是想念起那些好朋友。但志趣已相去甚远不再是寻常事，路途遥远也不是什么真的原因。周续之先生正在著述孔子的学业，又有祖企、谢景夷二个在积极响应并将臻于完成。儒家的大道理已失传上千年了，此时又重新听到这些。马队并非是个讲习的场所，校勘书籍也确实够勤奋了。诗人表示应有自己的爱好，只是想与周续之等三人成为邻居。但愿能教导好自己的几个儿子，让他们跟随他到颍水之滨洗干净耳朵。诗中说，“道丧向千载，今朝复斯闻”，这本是令人高兴的事，但请几个饱学之士在马队旁边校书讲《礼》，而马队是武事的畜力所在，这就十分不协调了。诗人希望周续之、祖企、谢景夷能与自己成为邻居，听他们讲习《周礼》，以摒弃名缰利索，甘心与自己一起洗耳于颍水滨，即甘愿终生隐居林泉。
颖水滨，是巢父、许由隐居之地。这里还有一个饶有趣味的典故：许由因恶闻尧帝召其做九州长而洗耳于颍水滨。巢父牵着小牛来此饮水，说许由故意这样做给世人看，是想得到好的声誉，因此怕污染了小牛的口而牵着小牛到颖水的上游饮水去了。陶渊明诗中的“愿言诲诸子，从我颍水滨。”便是巧用这个典故，并言“马队非讲肆，校书亦已勤”，就是说，买卖马匹牲畜的市场不是讲经的场所，勤勉校书也是徒然，以此善意劝导周、祖、谢诸子放弃一切尘念，一心一意做个真正的隐者。
陶渊明认为周续之、祖企和谢景夷三人校书讲《礼》，十分勤苦，这是对孔子之业的发扬光大，值得赞扬；但他们的所居之处近于马队，与所从事的事业极不相称，未免滑稽可笑。所以诗中有称扬，也有调侃，最终以归隐相招，表明了诗人的意趣与志向。诗中扬抑交替，最后善意相招，显示了陶渊明继承了传统的婉讽特色。
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陶渊明《
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示周续之祖企谢景夷三郎》
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王安石《
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雨霖铃·孜孜矻矻》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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新月才堪对，清宵剧可怜。朦胧香阁影，空色悟初禅。
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汪仲子持令兄栗亭及诸君书自歙至广州相问于其归也为诗二章送之兼寄诸君 其二
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清代：
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屈大均
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相思黄岳甚，况复故人多。汝向丰溪曲，为予传啸歌。
白云无事否，春色奈愁何。心似诸峰月，依依在女萝。