木兰花令·凌歊台上青青麦
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宋代]：黄庭坚
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当涂解印后一日，郡中置酒，呈郭功甫。
凌歊台上青青麦，姑孰堂前馀翰墨。暂分一印管江山，稍为诸公分皂白。
江山依旧云空碧，昨日主人今日客。谁分宾主强惺惺，问取矶头新妇石。
木兰花令·凌歊台上青青麦译文及注释
译文
免去当涂太平州知州职后一天，同僚为我在郡中摆设酒席，我写下这首词送给郭功甫。
凌歊台上长满青色的麦子，姑孰堂前只留下了佳篇名章。我暂且做官隐居，稍为百姓分辨是非。
江山依旧，浮云碧天，昨天的主人今天成了客人。谁要勉强把主客分个一清二白，那就去问江边的“新妇石”吧。
注释
①木兰花令：原唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌。双调小令。全词共五十六字，七言八句，上、下片各四句三仄韵。
②当涂：地名，今属安徽省马鞍山市。
③郭功甫：即郭祥正，字功甫，自号谢公山人、醉引居士、净空居士、漳南浪士等。北宋诗人。
④凌歊（xiāo）台：又作陵歊台，位于安徽省当涂县城关镇（姑孰），在黄山塔南。相传南朝宋武帝刘裕所建，南朝宋孝武帝刘骏筑避暑离宫于其上。
⑤姑孰堂：当涂地名。姑孰：当涂古名。姑孰溪流贯其中，姑孰堂凌驾溪上。
⑥翰墨，义同“笔墨”，指文辞。
⑦管江山：“吏隐”的代称，把做官作为隐居的一种手段，不以公务为念，优游江湖，怡情山林，亦官亦隐。
⑧惺惺：此处意谓清醒、明白。
⑨新妇石：即望夫山。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等．宋词鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：537~539
2、潘伯鹰．黄庭坚词选．上海：古典文学出版社，1957
木兰花令·凌歊台上青青麦创作背景
该词创作于宋徽宗崇宁元年（公元1102年）。黄庭坚对徽宗寄有希望。但党争复起，朝政更趋腐败。黄庭坚请求外放，只在任九天就罢官离去。这一令人啼笑皆非的戏剧性事件让作者感慨万千。他在一次宴会上写成了这首词。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等．宋词鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：537~539
木兰花令·凌歊台上青青麦鉴赏
该词从当涂的名胜古迹写起。开头两句概括了当涂的山川风物。缀以“青青麦”三字，引发读者“黍离麦秀”的联想。《史记·宋微子世家》写到殷商旧臣“箕子朝周，过故殷虚，感宫室毁坏，生禾黍，箕子伤之”，遂作《麦秀》之诗，诗云：“麦秀渐渐兮，禾黍油油。”“青青麦”字面上又是用《庄子·外物》所引的逸《诗》：“青青之麦，生于陵陂。生不布施，死何含珠为？”昔时高台离宫，而此时麦苗青青，透露出世事沧桑的无限感慨。姑孰本是当涂县的古名，姑孰溪流贯其中，姑孰堂凌驾溪上，颇得山水之胜。所谓“馀翰墨”，实即感叹昔人已逝，只留下了佳篇名章。这两句寄寓了山谷宦海浮沉的无尽感慨，无论是称雄一世的帝王，还是风流倜傥的词客，都已成历史的陈迹，只有文章翰墨尚能和江山共存，垂之久远。接下来两句写出知太平州。经过迁谪的动荡磨难，忧患馀生的作者已把做官一事看得十分淡漠，所以他把此事只称为“管江山”、“分皂白”。再加上一个“暂”字，一个“稍”字，更突出了这种淡然超脱的态度。
下片开头两句概括了九日罢官的戏剧性变化，与上两句适成对照，大有物是人非之慨。“江山”承上而来，山川形胜，碧天浮云，着一“空”字，是因为“昨日主人今日客”，本来要“管江山”、“分皂白”的主人，一下子成了“诸公”的客人了！这一句集中揭示了政治生活的反常和荒廖，它运用当句对，一句之中既构成今昨主客的鲜明对比，语气斩截，强调了变化之突兀，其中有感叹、不平、讥讽、自嘲，内涵颇为丰富。最后两句则展现了作者自我解脱的感情变化。新妇石是千百年来历史的见证，阅尽了人世沧桑，但见人间的升沉荣辱都只如过眼烟云，本无须有是非彼此之分。“谁分宾主”句，看似作者劝大家无分宾主，尽欢一醉，深乃用“万物之化，终归齐一”的老庄哲学来作自我解脱。
这首词旷达超然之中发泄了牢骚不平，最后仍归结为物我齐一，表现出作者力图老庄哲学中寻求解脱的思想倾向。一个“暂”字表现出作者不以进退出处萦怀的超脱。变化的万物本来只是“道”运行中表现出的一种暂时形式，故宜随形任化，淡然自若，不入于心。但一夜突变，毕竟难堪，所以还是不免有牢骚，最后又用齐物论否定牢骚，达于解脱。
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黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
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