过宋员外之问旧庄
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唐代]：杜甫
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宋公旧池馆，零落首阳阿。
枉道祗从入，吟诗许更过。
淹留问耆老，寂寞向山河。
更识将军树，悲风日暮多。
过宋员外之问旧庄译文及注释
译文
大诗人宋之问的旧山庄别墅，孤零地坐落在河南偃师县西北的首阳山的山腰。
恰好我绕道经过此处，见人们在此随意出入，宅内并无人迹，前辈啊，能否允许我前来吟诗探访啊？
我停留下来向老人询问宋公的子孙家世，老人告诉我，他家已无人了。我对着依然如故的山河，感到十分冷落、孤寂。
看到宋公当时的园林树木，愈加使我回忆起昔日的情境而感到悲伤，真是越到走下坡路，凄厉的寒风越多！
注释
宋公：指宋之问，初唐诗人，曾任考功员外郎。字延清，虢州弘农人。首阳山在河南府，虢与河南为邻，故宋有别墅在焉。池馆：指山庄别墅。
首阳：山名。阿：山腰。
枉道：绕道赶路。祇：还、依然。
杨守阯曰：言宋诗尚矣，亦许我更过而题咏乎。须溪谓是尊慕前辈之词。
淹留：停留。耆:古代年过60岁称耆。耆老：指宋之问的子孙。
将军树：指宋之悌栽种的树木。
参考资料：
1、萧枫主编．《唐诗 4 》：线装书局， 2005：989页
2、傅庚生 傅光．《百家唐宋诗新话 》 ：1989，四川文艺出版社：234页
过宋员外之问旧庄创作背景
唐天宝五年（公元746年），杜甫初到长安，为增长见识、了解社会、结识名流以提高声誉，游历了许多地方。在路经诗人宋之问故乡汾阳时，不禁想起了宋之问虽然文著一时但下场飘零的旧事，感于人情冷暖、世事无常，写下了《过宋员外之问旧庄》。
参考资料：
1、杨贵云，王珂君编著．《中国名酒 汾酒 上 》 ：中央文献出版社，2013年：112页
过宋员外之问旧庄鉴赏
这首诗，前二句是写过宋之问旧庄，后二句则写对旧庄而有感。
第一句“宋公旧池馆，零落首阳阿”是交代事件和地点，用场景的描写勾勒出萧瑟零落的场景，为全诗奠定感情基调。
第二句“枉道祇从，吟诗许更过”，是全诗的主旨。杜甫之所以枉道过宋庄，而且那么匆忙，主要在于他相当尊重宋之问的诗作，所以他说：为了吟诗，也许会再一次访问这位诗坛前辈的故居。宋之问媚附张易之等权贵，以善写应制诗得到武则天的赏识，其人杜甫是不取的，所以全诗只及其诗，不及其为人。杜甫能做到不因人废诗。
第三句，“淹留问耆老，寂寞向山河”，是说访宋之问的子孙家世，对着依然如故的山河，感到十分冷落、孤寂。为宋之问“迹在人亡”而感到悲伤。
末句“更识将军树，悲风日暮多”是通过将军树来借景抒情，增加了悲凉的色彩，通过该句把悲凉的气氛勾勒出来，悲凉之情呼之欲出。
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曹操《
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述志令》
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曹植《
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丹霞蔽日行》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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