初授官题高冠草堂
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唐代]：岑参
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三十始一命，宦情多欲阑。
自怜无旧业，不敢耻微官。
涧水吞樵路，山花醉药栏。
只缘五斗米，辜负一渔竿。
初授官题高冠草堂译文及注释
译文
人到三十才得个一命官，仕宦的念头快要消磨完。
自怜没有什么祖传家业，总不敢嫌弃这微小的官。
涧水吞没了采樵的小路，美丽的山花醉倚在药栏。
只因为这五斗米的官俸，竟然要辜负这根钓鱼竿。
注释
高冠：长安西部的高冠峪，因山内石帽峰恰似巨人头戴高帽故名，有著名的高冠瀑布，岑参曾在此隐居耕读十载。
一命：最低等的官职。周代的官秩为九命，一命最低。《左传·昭公七年》：“三命兹益共。一命而偻，再命而伛，三命而俯。”岑参初授右内率府兵曹参军，职位低微。
宦情：做官的志趣、意愿。
阑：尽，残。
自怜：自伤；自我怜惜。汉王褒《九怀·通路》：“阴忧兮感余，惆怅兮自怜。”旧业：祖传家业。
微官：小官。
涧水：指从高冠峪流过的溪水。樵路：打柴人走的小路。
药栏：芍药之栏。泛指花栏。
五斗米：指官俸。
渔竿：钓鱼的竹竿。此处作垂钓隐居的象征。
参考资料：
1、谢楚发 ．高适岑参诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1991 ：151-152 ．
初授官题高冠草堂创作背景
岑参早年丧父，二十岁时，随兄至长安，求仕不成。他便随兄长在的高冠峪中，置业并建起了简陋的别墅草堂。天宝三年（744年），三十岁的岑参高中一甲第二名，但官运不顺，经吏部试后，仅授右内率府兵曹参军这样的小官，他非常失望。于是作了这首《初授官题高冠草堂》。
初授官题高冠草堂鉴赏
首联感慨多年未得有做官的机会，到了三十多才好不容易有个官做，感慨这么多年做官的心情已经多半消退了。“三十始一命”，“一命”是官秩最低等，从八品，负责看守兵甲器杖、管理门禁锁钥，工作刻板琐碎。这对隐居耕读十载的岑参来说太失望了。于是感到“宦情多欲阑”，做官的念头消磨殆尽。
但失望归失望，因为家无产业，诗人还是不敢对这来之不易的小小官职有不屑之意。在这里，岑参流露出对其初授官职不那么感兴趣，从官职的卑微来说，本不屑为之；可是为生活所迫，却不敢以此为耻。其无可奈何的心态，跃然纸上。
第三联写景。“涧水吞樵路，山花醉药栏”两句中最精炼传神的分别是“吞”、“醉”。前者写出了谷水淹没山间小路、恣肆无拘的情态，后者写出了山花装点药栏、旁若无人怒放的情态，从而表达诗人对隐逸生活的留恋。
尾联“只缘五斗米，辜负一渔竿”两句用典。“五斗米”不是指实数，而是一种修辞手法——夸张，即言其少，意思是指“俸禄微薄”。这是用东晋陶渊明“不为五斗米折腰”的典故。除了这首诗之外，岑参还在多首诗中用了这个典故，如“看君五斗米，不谢万户侯”（《送许拾遗恩归江宁拜亲》）；“久别二室间，图他五斗米”（《峨眉东脚临江听猿怀二室旧庐》）；“五斗米留人，东溪忆垂钓”（《衙郡守还》）。此诗结尾二句运用了用典、借代的修辞手法，很生动的写景，同时暗喻诗人为了微薄的官禄不得不割舍闲适自得的生活的矛盾心理。
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王昌龄《
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旅望》
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元稹《
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得乐天书》
岑参简介
唐代·岑参的简介
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岑参（约715-770年），唐代边塞诗人，南阳人，太宗时功臣岑文本重孙，后徙居江陵。[1-2] 岑参早岁孤贫，从兄就读，遍览史籍。唐玄宗天宝三载（744年）进士，初为率府兵曹参军。后两次从军边塞，先在安西节度使高仙芝幕府掌书记；天宝末年，封常清为安西北庭节度使时，为其幕府判官。代宗时，曾官嘉州刺史（今四川乐山），世称“岑嘉州”。大历五年（770年）卒于成都。
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