殿前欢·拍栏杆
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元代]：乔吉
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拍阑干。雾花吹鬓海风寒。浩歌惊得浮云散。细数青山，指蓬莱一望间。纱巾岸，鹤背骑来惯。举头长啸，直上天坛。
殿前欢·拍栏杆译文及注释
译文
拍着栏杆，强劲而湿润的海风带着如雾的水气迎面扑来，吹得鬓发飘展。放声歌唱，歌声冲天，惊得浮云四散。细细查数重重青山，蓬莱仙境在一指相望间。带着纱巾像古人王乔那般遨游云空，抬头仰天长啸，直上那高高天坛。
注释
殿前欢：曲牌名，小令兼用。又名“小妇孩儿”、“凤将雏”、“凤引雏”、“燕引雏”。
江山第一楼：指江苏镇江北固山甘露寺内的多景楼，有“江山第一楼”之称。
蓬莱：是传说中海上的仙山，在现实中并不存在。
纱巾岸：纱巾，即头巾。岸，此指露额。把纱巾掀起露出前额，表示态度洒脱。
鹤背骑：骑鹤背，此指骑鹤升仙，是化用“王乔骑鹤”的典故。
天坛：王屋山主峰不天坛，相传为黄帝祈天求雨处，唐代司马祯在此修行得道。
参考资料：
1、张为才．国学启蒙经典10·元曲三百首．青岛：青岛出版社，2009：44
殿前欢·拍栏杆创作背景
这首曲子创作具体时间已不可考。乔吉一生游历过很多地方，这首《殿前欢·登江山第一楼》为其登多景楼之作，作者并不着意此楼的描写，而是借登临之举一展自己的内心世界。
参考资料：
1、赵义山．元曲鉴赏辞典．北京：商务印书馆国际有限公司，2012：500
殿前欢·拍栏杆鉴赏
这首曲开头三句写出一种旷远的境界，进入全曲主题。“拍阑干。雾花吹鬓海风寒。”作者站在多景楼上手扶着阑干，顿时诗兴大发。这两句直接切人了“登楼咏叹”的主题，且营造出一种悲凉的氛围，气势十分恢弘，开篇立意不凡，故明代朱权在《太和正音谱》中评价乔吉称：“乔梦符之词，如神鳌鼓浪，若天号跨神鳌，噗沫于大洋，波涛汹涌，截断众流之势。”其言不谬。宋代辛弃疾《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》中有言：“江南游子，把吴钩看了，阑干拍遍，无人会，登临意”，乔吉此句与之有异曲同工之妙。《论语·述而》曰：“不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。”在中国古代的诗文之中，“浮云”多指那些功名利禄、不足挂心的俗事。乔吉性格骄傲不逊，不肯入俗流，“浩歌惊得浮云散”便充分展现了其藐视现实、孤傲自诩的性格特点。从此处开始，作者的思绪便发生了转折，开始进入一个虚幻的世界，也暗含着作者的理想和追求。
接四句写作者对神仙般生活的无限向往。“细数青山，指蓬莱一望问。纱巾岸，鹤背骑来惯。”“细数青山”，暗用“买山”之典，本意指归隐，作者在这里则借纠表达超脱情怀。“一望问”谓作者之心境实与仙境一脉相通。求超脱是元代文人一种普遍的心境，乔吉《满庭芳·渔父词》有“回首是蓬莱”之句，乃是此心境更明确的表露，可作此句的注脚。而“鹤背骑来惯”则是诗人正以王乔自喻。一“惯”字，下得极洒脱，表现了超脱尘俗之念，遨游于无羁无绊的天地问乃是作者一贯追求的人生至境。表达作者对那种如同神仙般自由生活的钦羡。
末二句写作者感觉自己直上天坛，得道成仙。作者以“举头长啸，直上天坛”把这种仙境推向全曲的归结，收束了全篇。它与“浩歌惊得浮云散”在意脉上相呼应：摆脱了人间“寒”气，摆脱了“浮云”的缠绕，诗人的身心便似乎进了“天坛”。从“举头长啸”四字中可以深刻感受到作者心中无法释怀的愤懑之情，正因为如此，他才想要摆脱世俗的烦心之事，到达自由之境。
全曲充满了一种与前代“登楼”之作所不同的意趣，正是这个总格调的典型体现。所以曲子深沉，但不悲切；慷慨，但不凄凉。从此曲的酣畅豪爽中，体验到一种渴望自由的生命之力。然而，乔吉的这种豪放之情，也让人感到一丝“雾花吹鬓海风寒”的冷气。
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晏几道《
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生查子·官身几日闲》
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乔吉《
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殿前欢·拍栏杆》
乔吉简介
唐代·乔吉的简介
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乔吉(1280?～1345) 元代杂剧家、散曲作家。一称乔吉甫，字梦符，号笙鹤翁，又号惺惺道人。太原人，流寓杭州。钟嗣成在《录鬼簿》中说他“美姿容，善词章，以威严自饬，人敬畏之”，又作吊词云：“平生湖海少知音，几曲宫商大用心。百年光景还争甚？空赢得，雪鬓侵，跨仙禽，路绕云深。”从中大略可见他的为人。剧作存目十一，有《杜牧之诗酒扬州梦》、《李太白匹配金钱记》、《玉箫女两世姻缘》三种传世。
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