答刘桢诗
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魏晋]：徐干
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与子别无几，所经未一旬。
我思一何笃，其愁如三春。
虽路在咫尺，难涉如九关。
陶陶朱夏德，草木昌且繁。
答刘桢诗译文及注释
译文
与您分别时间还不久，经过的时间还不到十天。
我的思念多么的深厚，这愁绪就像多年没见一般。
虽说（我俩）相距近在咫尺，（相见）却难如越过九重天。
和暖的夏天，草木是那样的昌盛繁茂。
注释
刘桢（170？—217），字公干，东平宁阳（今山东宁阳县）人，汉魏之际文学家，“建安七子”之一。为曹操掾属。其五言诗风格道劲，语言质朴，当时负有盛名，后人以他与曹植并举，称为“曹刘”。作品已散佚，明人辑有《刘公干集》。作者好友之一。
子：你，对刘桢的尊称。无几：表示时间过去不久。
所经：经过的时间。一旬：十天。
一何：多么。笃（dǔ）：深厚，真诚。
三春：多年。三，虚指多数。春，指年，古代常以季节名代表年。
咫（zhǐ）尺：比喻距离很近。咫为古代长度名，周制八寸，合今制市尺六寸二分二厘。
涉：度过，越过。九关：九重天门。关：闭门的横木，这里指门。
陶陶：和暖的样子。朱夏：夏天。
昌且繁：（草木）昌盛繁茂的样子。
参考资料：
1、李明忠主编．《潍坊诗词》：齐鲁书社，1992年08月第1版：第2-3页
2、吴云，冀宇选注．《汉魏六朝诗三百首注》：天津人民出版社，2000.01：第145-146页
3、唐满先编注．《建安诗三百首详注》：百花洲文艺出版社，1996.12：第272页
4、吴云主编．《建安七子集校注》：天津古籍出版社，1991年11月第1版：第293页
5、韩格平著．《建安七子诗文集校注译析》：吉林文史出版社，1991年10月第1版：第349页
答刘桢诗创作背景
刘桢因平视曹丕妻甄氏，被曹操判为服苦役。在服刑期间非常想念徐干，就给徐干写了《赠徐干》，以表达对徐干的思念之情。徐干读了刘祯写的赠诗后，就写了这首《答刘祯》来回赠刘祯，同样表达了对刘祯的思念之情。
参考资料：
1、吴云，冀宇选注．《汉魏六朝诗三百首注》：天津人民出版社，2000.01：第145-146页
答刘桢诗鉴赏
“与子别无几，所经未一旬”，写分别之日并不长，只有短短的十天。这两句为后面写二人感情之深做铺垫。
“我思一何笃，其愁如三春”，我对你的思念是多么深重，虽然分别没几天，但我的感觉如同分别了好多年那样漫长。此句明显套用《诗经·王风·采葛》中“彼采葛兮，一日不见，如三秋兮”之诗句的意境。
“虽路在咫尺，难涉如九关”，这里将相距之近与相见之难对比，更加重了对友人的思念。刘桢《赠徐干》“谁谓相去远，隔此西掖垣……我独抱深感，不得与比焉”之句，二人处于不同的部门：刘祯因罪被拘禁，而徐干为官在西掖园，两地很近，但两人却无故不得相见，因此才有路在咫尺，难涉九关之叹。
“陶陶朱夏德，草木昌且繁”全句说，盛阳的夏季，草木是那样的昌盛而繁茂。全诗前六句写情，结尾两句写景，以草木之繁茂喻比诗人与刘桢情谊之绵长，融情于景，以景写情，情景交融，表现出无限的回味和深长的意境。
这首诗明白如话，无丝毫矫揉造作，却收到了意想不到的效果。诗歌以“与子别无几”领起，以“其愁如三春”相接，极写相思之深；以“虽路在咫尺”与“难涉如九关”相对比，续写相见之难。在相别与难见的内心情感矛盾冲突中，淋漓尽致地表达了作者思念友人的思想情感。
全诗只有八句，四十个字，从其所表达的形象的生动性和情感的丰富性中，可见诗人之功力。
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徐干《
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答刘桢诗》
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岑参《
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还高冠潭口留别舍弟》
徐干简介
唐代·徐干的简介
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汉末文学家、哲学家。“建安七子”之一。以诗、辞赋、政论著称。其著作《中论》对历朝历代的统治者和文化学者影响深远。
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