故都
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唐代]：韩偓
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故都遥想草萋萋，上帝深疑亦自迷。
塞雁已侵池籞宿，宫鸦犹恋女墙啼。
天涯烈士空垂涕，地下强魂必噬脐。
掩鼻计成终不觉，冯驩无路学鸣鸡。
故都译文及注释
译文
想起长安处处草萋萋，上天对此也迷惘怀疑。
野外塞雁偷入宫中宿，宫院乌鸦留恋矮墙啼。
天涯壮士白白空流泪，无辜死者饮恨悔没及。
阴谋让成大权已旁落，可叹自己不会学啼鸡。
注释
故都：指长安，原是唐的都城，朱温时迁都洛阳，所以诗人称长安为故都。
想：一作“望”。萋萋：草茂盛的样子。
深疑：深深的怀疑。
侵：进入。池籞（yù）：指宫庭中的池塘。原来宫庭中的池塘上面编扎竹条，用绳结成网状，使池中的水禽不能飞出，外面的野鸟也不能飞入，这叫池籞。
宫鸦：原来宫中的乌鸦。女墙：宫庭中矮短的墙头。
天涯烈士：作者自指，也是泛指不为朱温势力所屈服的人们。
地下强魂：指崔胤。
掩鼻：用楚怀王夫人郑袖的故事。终不觉：不知不觉的意思，指国家的命运不知不觉地落入朱温的手里。
冯驩（Huān）：战国时齐国孟尝君田文的门客，忠于孟尝君，为孟尝君出过力。学鸡鸣：孟尝君入秦被困，逃回齐国，半夜驰至函谷关。关门紧锁，须鸡鸣时才能开。孟尝君门客中有人学鸡鸣，关门大开，孟尝君得以脱身。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十二）：吉林大学出版社，2009：215-216
2、尚作恩 等．晚唐诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1987：237-241
故都创作背景
唐末，河南宣武节度使朱温控制了朝廷。为了便于实现其夺权野心，于天祐元年强迫唐昭宗由长安迁都洛阳。同年八月，弑昭帝，立哀帝。又三年，废哀帝自立，唐朝就此灭亡。韩偓深得昭宗信用，在迁都的前一年被朱温赶出朝廷，漂泊南下，最后定居福建。这首诗是他流离在外听到迁都的消息后写成的。
参考资料：
1、尚作恩 等．晚唐诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1987：237-241
2、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典：上海辞书出版社，1983：1324-1325
故都鉴赏
韩偓用七律写过不少感时的篇章，大多直叙其事而结合述怀。这首诗却凭借想象中的景物描写来暗示政局的变化，情景交融，虚实相成，在作者的感时诗中别具一格。
诗篇开首即从朝廷搬迁后长安城的荒凉破败景象落笔。“草萋萋”，虽只寥寥三个字，却点明了物态人事的巨大变化。往昔繁荣热闹的都城，而此时满是废台荒草，叫人触目惊心。长安城的衰败是唐王朝走向灭亡的先兆，诗人对此怀有极深的感慨。这里虽没明说，但领头的“遥想”一语，倾注着无限眷恋关注之情，弦外之音不难听出。下句是说连高居天宫的上帝见此情景也会深感迷惑，这固然是为了突出都城景物变异之大，同时也烘托出诗人内心的迷惘不安。整首诗一上来就笼罩了一层凄迷悲凉的气氛。
次联承接首句，进一步展开故都冷落的画面。池籞，平时上面网以绳索，禽鸟无法进出。塞外飞来的大雁已侵入池籞住宿，这就意味着宫殿残破，无人管理；而园中乌鸦犹自傍着女墙哑哑啼鸣，更给人以物情依旧、人事全非的强烈印象。前联总写长安城的衰败，取景浑融概括；此联集中描绘宫苑废芜，笔触细致传神。这样将全景与特写剪接在一起，点面结合，深切地反映了作者想象中的故都近貌。
第三联开始，转入正面抒情。烈士，是诗人自称。当时诗人尽管流寓在外，心仍萦注国事，面临朝政的巨大变故，痛感自身无能为力，其衷怀的悲愤可想而知。“垂涕”而又加上一个“空”字，就把这种心理表达得十分真切。下句的“地下强魂”，指昭宗时宰相崔胤。他为铲除宦官势力，引进朱温的兵力，结果使唐王朝陷入朱温掌握之中，自己也遭杀戮。此句是说崔胤泉下有知，定将悔恨莫及。韩偓与崔胤原来关系密切，这里插叙崔胤被害的事实，是为了进一步抒发自己的愤慨之情。整个这一联抒情激切，笔力劲拔，接续前面的寥落景象，犹如奇峰突起，巨波掀澜，读来气势一振。
尾联归结于深沉的感喟。“掩鼻计成”，用的是《韩非子》里的故事，这里借指朱温伪装效忠唐室，用阴谋夺取天下。末句诗人以冯驩自况，慨叹自己没有像孟尝君的门客那样设计解救君主脱离困境的办法。这一联用典较多，但用而能化，不嫌堆砌。叙述中，像“终不觉”、“无路”等字眼下得沉重，蕴含强烈的感情色彩，也是引证古事而能具有活生生感染力量的重要原因。
诗的前半写景，后半抒情，前半凄惋，后半激越，哀感沉绵之中自有一股抑塞不平之气，跌宕起伏，撼人心魄。前人常说，韩偓的感时诗继承了杜甫、李商隐的传统，沉郁顿挫，律对精切，这是不错的。但韩偓尤善于将感慨苍凉的意境融入芊丽清新的词章里，悲而能婉，柔中带刚，又有他个人的特色。此篇似亦可以见出其风格的一斑。
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徐灿《
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忆秦娥·春感次素庵韵》
韩偓简介
唐代·韩偓的简介
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韩偓（公元842年～公元923年）。中国唐代诗人。乳名冬郎，字致光，号致尧，晚年又号玉山樵人。陕西万年县（今樊川）人。自幼聪明好学，10岁时，曾即席赋诗送其姨夫李商隐，令满座皆惊，李商隐称赞其诗是“雏凤清于老凤声”。龙纪元年(889年)，韩偓中进士，初在河中镇节度使幕府任职，后入朝历任左拾遗、左谏议大夫、度支副使、翰林学士。
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苏泂
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两山正作修眉绿，一水犹如疋练横。
竟日书窗览今古，几年人世少豪英。