蝶恋花·北斗秋横云髻影
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宋代]:吴文英
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北斗秋横云髻影。莺羽衣轻,腰减青丝剩。一曲游仙闻玉声。月华深院人初定。
十二阑干和笑凭。风露生寒,人在莲花顶。睡重不知残酒醒。红帘几度啼鸦暝。
蝶恋花·北斗秋横云髻影鉴赏
唐宋公主多不下嫁,入道观为女冠,内人之失宠者也然。《瑞鹤仙·陈华山内夫人》是也。此“道女”疑即其人。此等女冠多有秽行,文人对之多作轻亵语,韩愈《华山女》诗,亦不免此,此尚算庄言。《本事诗》卷下将此词定作艳词。可见《瑞鹤仙·陈华山内夫人》一词也为艳词。“睡重不知残酒醒”,释家严戒酒,道家则否,故《真诰》有“玉醴金浆”之语。“华山”在金元人之手,南宋妇女所不能到。此言“人在莲花顶”,乃虚拟词,托梦境耳。上片言入定,下片言酒醒,则其中所言皆梦境可知。以《瑞鹤仙》词题来看,这两首词应是送给同一个人,那末这“华山”也可作为名字解,即指陈华山内夫人。
“北斗”三句,述道女装束。此言道女头顶上盘着高耸的发髻,用一支玉簪横插其中。她投在地上的影子,极象秋高气爽时的夜空中的北斗星。她身上穿着剪裁合身的飘飘欲仙似的绸服,从后面望去细腰盈握,满头青丝飘拂。“一曲”两句,为道女自娱而写真。此言在月色明亮夜深人静之时,她在道观中用玉磬敲奏出一支悦耳动听的《游仙》曲来自娱取乐。上片写出这位道女的典雅不俗,也含有词人对她的爱慕之意在。
“十二阑干”三句,转写自身。“阑干”,这里作栏干解。“莲花顶”,即华山莲花峰,峰上有上清宫,宫前有池生千叶莲花。此言词人见了扇面上所画的山峰,仿佛自己也到了华山莲花峰顶的上清宫内。词人凭栏斜倚只觉秋风生寒,一片清凉。此非真到,只是因为是题“华山道女扇”,所以词人有此即兴想象之境,或即上所言之梦境耳。“睡重”两句,也是照应上三句的梦境。此言其饮酒填词,在不知不觉中却昏然睡去,酒醒后起床不知道绣帘外的昏鸦啼归已是叫了多少次了。下片全写自己对扇画的感受,最后才点出,以上这些只不过是他的梦中景象。
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曹雪芹《
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好了歌注》
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陆游《
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醉中感怀》
吴文英简介
唐代·吴文英的简介
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吴文英(约1200~1260),字君特,号梦窗,晚年又号觉翁,四明(今浙江宁波)人。原出翁姓,后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。有《梦窗词集》一部,存词三百四十余首,分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃,风格雅致,多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作,号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。
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