水调歌头·亭皋木叶下
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宋代]：蔡伸
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亭皋木叶下，原隰菊花黄。凭高满眼秋意，时节近重阳。追想彭门往岁，千骑云屯平野，高宴古球场。吊古论兴废，看剑引杯长。
感流年，思往事，重凄凉。当时坐间英俊，强半已凋亡。慨念平生豪放，自笑如今霜鬓，漂泊水云乡。已矣功名志，此意付清觞。
水调歌头·亭皋木叶下鉴赏
《水调歌头·亭皋木叶下》是一首抚今思昔之作。上片由写景入词，映入作者眼帘的是亭边的树木。树叶凋零，飘落地上，野外低湿处的菊花也已盛开。登高临远，秋意已浓，原来是重阳节就要到了。先点明时间、地点。眼前之景使作者不禁陷入了美好的回忆之中，他想起了彭门往事。那时自己才三十七岁，正值盛年、英姿飒爽、豪情满怀，带领着一支精壮的部队，驰骋于战场。闲暇时光，将士们在古球场欢宴，抚剑豪饮，议论古今兴亡。这几句话描写了从前戎马生活的一个消闲场面，用杜甫原句“看剑引杯长”入词，把他们满腔热血，忧心国事，希图建功立业的种种情绪暗含其中。
下片以“感流年”三句承上启下，从上片的慷慨激昂转入下片的萧瑟凄凉。当时座中的英豪，一半都已凋亡了，而宋王朝也只剩下半壁江山。自己平生那豪情壮志、抗金的决心和愿望，早已被现实消磨殆尽，只落得两鬓如霜，飘泊在江南水乡。一腔悲愤，无处可消，只有借酒浇愁。
《水调歌头·亭皋木叶下》上下片情绪反差很大，上片豪放激烈，下片愤慨悲凉，在雄健俊爽之中蕴含着深沉的抑郁。
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上一首：
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李白《
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读诸葛武侯传书怀赠长安崔少府叔》
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下一首：
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蔡伸《
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水调歌头·亭皋木叶下》
蔡伸简介
唐代·蔡伸的简介
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蔡伸（1088—1156）字伸道，号友古居士，莆田（今属福建）人，蔡襄孙。政和五年（1115）进士。宣和年间，出知潍州北海县、通判徐州。赵构以康王开大元帅幕府，伸间道谒军门，留置幕府。南渡后，通判真州，除知滁州。秦桧当国，以赵鼎党被罢，主管台州崇道观。绍兴九年（1139），起知徐州，改知德安府。后为浙东安抚司参谋官，提举崇道观。绍兴二十六年卒，年六十九。《宋史翼》有传。伸少有文名，擅书法，得祖襄笔意。工词，与向子諲同官彭城漕属，屡有酬赠。有《友古居士词》一卷。 存词175首。
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