浪淘沙·探春
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宋代]：苏轼
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昨日出东城，拭探春情。墙头红杏暗如倾。槛内群芳芽未吐，早已回春。
绮陌敛香尘，雪霁前村。东君用意不辞辛。料想春光先到处，吹绽梅英。
浪淘沙·探春译文及注释
译文
昨天出东城踏青游玩。墙上的红杳颜色很暗，茂密得好像要倾斜下夹。栏杆内侧的各种花草却还没有露出花苞，春天的脚步还没走到这里。
美丽的小路上，女子经过，扬起尘土和落花，前面的村子，刚刚下过雪。这是掌管春天的神辛勤的脚步吧？想必春天来到之时，柔风一定会先吹下梅花。
注释
浪淘沙：词牌名。又名《浪淘沙令》、《卖花声》、《过龙门》等。创自唐代刘禹锡、白居易。原为小曲，单调28字，四句，三平韵，亦即七言绝句。
探春：早春郊游。
暗：色浓。
倾：犹倾倒，这里指漫出来。
槛（jiàn）：花池的围栏。
群芳：各种花草。
绮（qǐ）陌：风景美丽的郊野道路。敛：聚集、不扬起。香尘：芳香之尘，多指女子之步履而起者。
雪霁（jì）：雪止天晴。
东君：司春之神。用意：着意，留心。辞：推辞。辛：劳苦。
绽：花蕾开放。
参考资料：
1、苏轼 ．东坡集．江苏：凤凰出版社，2013年：117．
2、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：107-110
浪淘沙·探春创作背景
宋神宗熙宁四年（1071年）十一月，苏轼赴杭州任通判。宋神宗熙宁五年（1072年）初春，苏轼到杭州城东郊外探春后作该词。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：107-110
浪淘沙·探春鉴赏
上片以情景交融的手法，写初春杭州城东郊的景象和探春者的心态。“昨日出东城”，点明探春的时间，以及探春的地点杭州城东郊。“试探春情”，一个“试”字就把探春者的春心欲动的情态唯妙唯肖地传达出来了。“墙头红杏暗如倾”，写探春的第一个光景。从墙头伸出来的红杏色彩绿得如油漫出来了。让人们首先领略到“满园春色关不住，一枝红杏出墙来”（宋代叶绍翁《游园不值》诗），“红杏枝头春意闹”（宋代宋祁《玉楼春》词）的探春神韵。“槛内群芳芽未吐，早已回春”。用一对矛盾句，提出初春栅栏内各种花草嫩芽嫩叶未发未露，而栅栏外早己春回大地，为过渡到下片进一步写探春幽情埋下的回环之笔。
下片以承延手法与上片呼应，写探春的第二个光景路景、第三个光景村景等，直至进入神话般的幻境。“绮陌敛香尘”，写探春男女们路途上的“春”景。那是一条风景美丽的郊野道路，那是一条“尽日细尘吹绮陌，迷却梦游归路”（清代纳兰性德《念奴娇》词），那是一条聚集着探春女子的步履而留下芳香尘之路。似有一点“行乐归恒晚，香尘扑地遥”（唐代沈佺期《洛阳道》诗）的韵味。“雪霁前村”，写探春男女们进入前村后所见的另一番“春”景。雪止天晴后的前村，留下的便是那被栅栏内冰雪覆盖着，尚未露面吐芽的各种花草与此相映的红楼与红杏，可谓红妆素裹，分外妖娆，是回答上片埋伏的景情回环的一妙笔。“东君用意不辞辛”，写探春者全身心地进入到一种美妙的幻境。指挥春日运动之神啊，你是那样的留心描绘焕发的春光，又是那样的不辞劳苦迎来春心。唐代成彦雄《柳枝词》早已代探春者倾吐，“东君爱惜与先春，草泽无人处也新。”“料想春光先到处，吹绽梅英”。笔锋一转，宕开情丝，引起探春者春心欲动的不仅仅是墙头红杏，绮陌香尘，雪霁前村，东君用意，还有你未猜想到的春光最初到来的地方，一眼见到的便是那花蕾刚刚开放的梅花。最后两句“料想春光先到处，吹绽梅英”，画龙点睛，把苏轼追求梅的高贵品格那样一种春心境界升华到了新的高度。
苏轼将春心与春景水乳交融地成篇，实属匠心独运，自然天成。最后两笔妙不可言，毛泽东之词《卜算子·咏梅》与该词异曲同工，令人回味。
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苏轼《
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一丛花·初春病起》
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欧阳修《
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采桑子·画船载酒西湖好》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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