西平乐·尽日凭高目
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宋代]：柳永
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尽日凭高目，脉脉春情绪。嘉景清明渐近，时节轻寒乍暖，天气才晴又雨。烟光淡荡，妆点平芜远树。黯凝伫。台榭好、莺燕语。
正是和风丽日，几许繁红嫩绿，雅称嬉游去。奈阻隔、寻芳伴侣。秦楼凤吹，楚馆云约，空怅望、在何处。寂寞韶华暗度。可堪向晚，村落声声杜宇。
西平乐·尽日凭高目译文及注释
译文
尽日凭高望远，只能默默地用眼神来观赏春光的情绪。渐渐接近清明时节的美好景致。 正是还有轻微寒意和刚刚开始暖和的时候。天气才微微晴朗却立即又开始下起雨来。春天的水汽和风光柔和恬静，装点着平旷原野上的树枝。黯然伤神地凝视、伫立。高台上的建筑有黄莺在低声细语。
正是风和日丽的好日子，多少繁茂的红花，嫩绿的叶子，吸引人们优雅地说“游春赏景去”。无奈与寻芳伴侣相阻隔。 曾在秦地的高楼上与弄玉吹奏宛如凤凰鸣叫的箫声。曾在楚地的旅馆中与某位女性约会。徒然惆怅地遥望和自己约会的女性现在在什么地方。美好的年华只能默默度过。怎么能够忍受对着傍晚。 村庄里一声声报告春残的杜鹃叫。
注释
西平乐：词牌名， 此调有仄韵、平韵两体。仄韵者始自柳永，《乐章集》注“小石调”。
凭高日：登高远眺。
脉脉春情绪：此句既写春天温和之景，亦写心情，之春情“脉脉”二字又可作脉脉相视解，则春色与我心相融为一，彼此相许。
轻寒乍暖：天气刚转暖，但仍有微寒之意。
淡荡：轻轻飘荡。
平芜（wú）：平旷的原野。
黯：黯然伤神。
雅称：对人称说。
“奈阻隔”句：本欲寻伴同游，无奈被山川阻隔，意为与情人天各一方。
秦楼：歌馆妓院。下句“楚馆”意同。凤吹：彩凤吹箫。
云约：朝云相约。彩凤、朝云，皆当时妓女喜用名。
韶华：美好的年华。
可堪：哪堪，不堪。
杜宇：指杜鹃，传说为望帝魂魄所化。杜宇为传说中的古蜀国开国国王。公元前1057年，鱼凫王杜宇参加了武王伐纣的战争，号称蜀。杜宇始称帝于蜀，号曰望帝。杜宇退而隐居西山，传说死后化作鹃鸟。每年春耕时节，子鹃鸟鸣，蜀人闻之曰“我望帝魂也”，因呼鹃鸟为杜鹃。一说因通于其相之妻，惭而亡去，其魂化作鹃鸟，后因称杜鹃为“杜宇”。
参考资料：
1、袁行霈主编；刘跃进副主编；过常宝撰．柳永词选：商务印书馆，2015.03：第67页
西平乐·尽日凭高目创作背景
该词具体创作年份未知。柳永早年是汴京有名的风流才子，出入欧楼酒肆，冶游烟花巷陌，终日浅斟低唱，啸傲王侯。后来仕途屡遭挫折，游宦他乡，生活坎坷，曾写下许多咏叹羁旅行役、忆昔感旧的词章，《西平乐》便是其中之一。
参考资料：
1、程自信 许宗元主编．宋词精华分类品汇：中国青年出版社，1994年03月第1版：第7页
西平乐·尽日凭高目鉴赏
上片主要写春日美景。
起两句总摄上片。“尽日凭高目”，点明全词的立足点，这是词人凭高所见之景。“尽目”，从早到晚，带有夸张意味，极言时间之长。“目”，在这里名词活用、当作动词，为观望之意。有的本子作“寓目”，意思相同。“脉脉春情绪”，是说自己是怀着一种春日的柔情观望的。以下接着三句写节序与气候，“嘉景清明渐近，时节轻寒乍暖，天气才晴又雨。”这六言三句，貌似平淡，实是很圆熟的。三句一气呵成，其句中节奏皆为“二二二”，显得悠然、平稳，和春景相称。意思是说清明佳节将临，气候乍暖还寒、晴雨不定。“雨”字是为了协韵。不一定指此刻正在下雨。下面两句写春光，“烟光淡荡，妆点平芜远树”。这是远望所见。春目的云雾光气淡淡地飘浮于平原的草地和远方的树林上，宛如蒙上一层轻纱，隐隐约约、朦朦胧胧，将景色妆扮得十分美丽。诗人被春景的美好所触动，因心中有隐痛，不禁黯然神伤；但是他既被吸引住，不忍离去，故末韵为“黯凝伫，台榭好，莺燕语。”他还是久久凝神伫立着观看。近处，台阁亭榭是那样精美，莺歌燕语又是多么悦耳。这段三言三句，节奏急促，隐含内心情绪的激动。
下片写触景伤情、寂寞无侣的悲哀。
过片三句承上启下。“正是风和日丽”，是对上片的总承，“几许繁红嫩绿”是进一步对春景的设色。因春天红花茂盛、绿叶还浅，“繁红嫩绿”用得好。后来李清照的“红肥绿瘦”之句，可能从此汲取营养。“雅称嬉游去”，启下文，意谓很合适去春游。接着，笔锋一转，“奈阻隔、寻芳伴侣”，诗人感叹奈何寻芳伴侣已被阻隔、和自己相离，言外之意，独自也无兴致去赏春了，这和上片“黯凝伫”的“黯”字，遥相呼应。以下进一层为自己的惆怅，“秦楼风吹，楚馆云约。空怅望、在何处。”前两句是对句，意义相同。秦楼楚馆皆是妓楼，为妓女所居。这里借指妓女。这妓女就是诗人的意中人，他理想中的“寻芳伴侣”。风吹散、云隐约，是借喻佳人已被阻隔、分离而难以见到。以“空怅望”中可知可能还在同一城市，但已不知“在何处”了。“寂寞韶华暗度”，点明了伤春伤别。煞拍“可堪向晚，村落声声杜宇。”以杜鹃鸟的悲啼，渲染悲伤的气氛；在这寂寞的春日黄昏，声声从村外传来，使诗人原已寂寞哀伤的心灵，更不堪承受。以景结情，余味无穷。
从全词的语言看，上片前三韵之景语，第一韵两个五言句，近乎古诗的语言，简古、平实。次两韵四个六字句嵌一个四字句，前三个六字句似排比，“时节”、“天气”二句又似骈偶，五个句子前四个主谓结构形式，后一个动宾结构形式，这又类乎散文了。到了后两韵的三个三字短句，在设下抒情伏线后，至下片用语才向词的韵味转化。这具有词的韵味的语言，一直延续到曲终。
这首词虽然也是在怀念着昔日秦楼楚馆中“凤吹”、“云约”的“伴侣”，但体味全词，自能感到其中情感还是深沉凝重的，并无轻浮之气、轻佻之态，这正是柳永本色。
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李清照《
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菩萨蛮·归鸿声断残云碧》
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杜牧《
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惜春》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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哀邻家
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：
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石介
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邻家不选翳，翳无救病术。
朝一翳工人，暮一翳工出。
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都中喜晤宝山侄携眷自蜀归省并应顺天乡试二首 其一
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：
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金朝觐
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万里尝辛苦，高堂尚倚门。白云何处远，青眼几人存。
迈迹昌宗祏，观光近帝阍。嗟予犹碌碌，十载事鸡豚。
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同郭师圣司空仲容探韵得江字
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宋代：
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冯时行
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孤月流高天，分影遍千江。
我来无人境，亦复窥幽窗。