柳絮
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唐代]：雍裕之
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无风才到地，有风还满空。
缘渠偏似雪，莫近鬓毛生。
柳絮鉴赏
翻开《全唐诗》，咏杨花、柳絮的篇章甚多，但雍裕之的这首《柳絮》却与众不同：它既没有刻意描摹柳絮的形态，也没有借柳絮抒写惜别伤春之情，而是以凝炼准确的语言，概括出柳絮最主要的特征，求神似而不重形似，简洁鲜明，富有风趣。
柳絮“似花还似非花”，极为纤细、轻灵，无风时慢悠悠地落到地面，一遇上风，那怕是和煦的微风，也会漫天飞舞起来。它的这种性状是很难描述的。薛陶说：“二月杨花轻复微”，并没说清是怎么个轻法。雍裕之从风和柳絮的关系上落笔，并对比了柳絮在“无风”和“有风”时两种不同的状态，只十个字，就将柳絮的特征给具体地描绘出来了，这不能不说是状物的高手。
诗的第三句写柳絮的颜色。柳絮不仅其轻飞乱舞之状象雪，而且其色也似雪。所以东晋谢道韫早就以柳絮喻雪花，赢得了“咏絮才”的美名。可见要描绘柳絮的颜色，还是以白雪为喻最为恰切。但如果仅指出其“偏似雪”，那就是重复前人早就用过的比喻，显得淡而无味，所以诗人紧接着补上第四句：“莫近鬓毛生”。这一笔补得出人意料，十分俏皮。自来人们多以霜雪喻白发，这里因为柳絮似雪，遂径以柳絮隐喻白发，这已不落窠臼；不仅如此，诗人又从咏物进而表现人的情思：人们总是希望青春永驻，华发迟生，而柳絮似雪，雪又象白发，所以尽管柳絮轻盈可爱，谁也不希望它粘上自己的头发。这一句在全诗中起了画龙点睛的作用，写出了人物的思想感情。这也可以说是托物言志、借物抒怀的又一格吧。
这首诗通篇无一字提及柳絮，但读完全诗，那又轻又白的柳絮，似乎就在我们眼前飞舞，它是那样具体，那样鲜明，似乎一伸手就可捉摸。全诗二十个字，如同一个精心编制的谜语。由于准确地道出了柳絮的特征，那谜底叫人一猜就着。于此可见诗人体察事物之细，艺术提炼功夫之深。
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唐寅《
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桃花庵歌》
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下一首：
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毛文锡《
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柳含烟·隋堤柳》
雍裕之简介
唐代·雍裕之的简介
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雍裕之雍裕之：唐朝人（约公元八一三年前后在世）字不详，蜀人。生卒年均不详，约唐宪宗元和中前后在世。有诗名。工乐府，极有情致。贞元后，数举进士不第，飘零四方。裕之著有诗集一卷， 《新唐书艺文志》传于世。
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