踏莎美人·清明
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清代]：纳兰性德
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拾翠归迟，踏春期近，香笺小迭邻姬讯。樱桃花谢已清明，何事绿鬟斜亸、宝钗横。
浅黛双弯，柔肠几寸，不堪更惹其他恨。晓窗窥梦有流莺，也觉个侬憔悴、可怜生。
踏莎美人·清明译文及注释
译文
游春晚归，郊游的日子临近，收到邻家女子的书信：樱桃花落，已是清明时节，干嘛不精心梳妆一番出门呢！
一双淡眉弯弯，一副柔肠几寸，更不敢招惹青春流逝之恨。莺儿掠过清晨的窗外，仿佛窥探了我的梦境，婉转的叫声仿佛在说：这个人如此憔悴，可怜可怜。
注释
①踏莎美人：顾贞观的自度曲，一半《踏莎行》，一半《虞美人》。
②拾翠：拾取翠鸟羽毛以为首饰，后多指妇女游春。语出三国魏曹植《洛神赋》：“或采明珠，或拾翠羽。”
③踏青：清明前后到野外去观赏春景。
④香笺：即信笺。因少女之手，散发香气，故云香笺。
⑤邻姬：邻家女子。讯，通“信”。
⑥绿鬟（huán）：乌黑发亮的头发；斜亸（duǒ）：斜斜地垂下来。
⑦浅黛：用黛螺淡画的眉毛
⑧个侬：这人或那人。
⑨生：用于形容词词尾。
参考资料：
1、纳兰性德，徐燕婷，朱惠国．纳兰词评注：生活·读书·新知三联书店，2014.01：第264页
2、（清）纳兰性德著；聂菁菁主编．纳兰词全编全赏：中国华侨出版社，2013.11：第264页
踏莎美人·清明创作背景
古代有游春的习俗，多选在清明时节，纳兰为了借用女性口吻来描述一个生活片段，于是以此为题而作下这首咏节令之作。
参考资料：
1、中国《金瓶梅》研究会编．金瓶梅研究 第11辑：复旦大学出版社，2015.07：第115页
踏莎美人·清明鉴赏
词的爱好者，见过《踏莎行》，见过《虞美人》，《踏莎美人》这样的词牌名恐怕第一次见。这是纳兰性德的好友顾贞观的自度曲，一半《踏莎行》，一半《虞美人》，颇为不俗。
淡淡的春日里，闺房中的女子百无聊赖，意兴阑珊。拾翠踏青，别的女孩子求之不得，个个摆出跃跃欲试的模样。“香笺小迭邻姬讯”，隔壁的女子早早就写信相约了。可是这位女主角显然有些与众不同，她陷入了莫名的春愁：清明快要到了，正是游春踏青的好时节，邻家女伴写来信笺相邀游春。然而樱桃花都谢了，清明将过，却不知为了何事而蹉跎。只因疏慵倦怠，本就愁绪满怀，于是不愿再去沾惹新恨了。如此愁绪谁能明了，恐怕唯有那清晓窗外的流莺知晓了。
“柔肠几寸，不堪更惹青春恨”一句，点破了女孩的心事——当然，这出于人性使然，也许她自己都未曾发觉。春天万物萌生，百兽交配，人的爱欲也甚于平常。花样年岁的女孩，心中生长出了隐隐约约的欲望。女伴之间的嬉戏，已经无法满足这位女孩孤寂的心了，她需要更多的心灵慰藉，需要一位灵魂的伴侣。但是在那个时代，女子是没有主动追求爱的权利的。一个女子主动说思慕男子，会被认为是没有教养、粗鄙淫贱。但不说春色，不代表没有春意萌动。古来对女子性欲的刻画并不见少，《牡丹亭》里大量篇幅讲的，其实就是杜丽娘游园思春，做了个美丽的性梦。《西厢记》里的崔莺莺一样是打着不白受人恩惠的旗号，与张生私会，且初次见面二人就共赴巫山。
绝大部分的女孩，是没有崔莺莺那份大胆的，甚至没有杜丽娘的那点儿自我意识。她们大多处于一个封闭的环境中，爱欲有来处，无去处，只能在盈盈春景中独自辗转，将如春草般萌芽的欲望一点一滴地消磨掉。
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柳永《
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抛球乐·晓来天气浓淡》
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文天祥《
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寒食》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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