扬子江
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宋代]：文天祥
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几日随风北海游，回从扬子大江头。
扬子江译文及注释
译文
前几日伴狂风自去北海漂游，费尽千辛万苦回到扬子江头。
我的心就像那一根磁针，不永远指向南方誓不罢休。
注释
扬子江：长江在南京一带称扬子江。
北海：这里指北方。
回从：曲意顺从。
磁针石：即指南针。
南方：这里指南宋王朝。
扬子江创作背景
文天祥在赣州知州任上，以家产充军资，起兵抗元，入卫临安，不久任右丞相，赴元军谈判被扣留，拘押北行。后脱险南归，率兵抗击元军。景炎元年（1276），他在从南通往福州拥立端宗以力图恢复的途中，作《扬子江》一诗述志。
扬子江鉴赏
《尧典》中说：“诗言志，歌咏言。”诗，一向是表达人的思想感情和志向的。诗人运用比兴手法，触景生情，抒写了自己心向南宋，不到南方誓不罢休的坚强信念，真实地反映了作者对祖国的坚贞和热爱。
诗的首二句纪行，叙述他自镇江逃脱，绕道北行，在海上漂流数日后，又回到长江口的艰险经历。首句的“北海游”。指绕道长江口以北的海域。次句“回从扬子大江头”，指从长江口南归，引起三、四两句。
末二句抒情，以“磁针石”比喻忠于宋朝的一片丹心，表明自己一定要战胜重重困难，回到南方，再兴义师，重整山河的决心。“臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休”，表现了他不辞千难万险，赶到南方去保卫南宋政权的决心。忠肝义胆，昭若日月。
全诗语言浅近，比喻贴切，字里行间表现出坚定不移的爱国主义精神。
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林则徐《
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汪元量《
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水龙吟·淮河舟中夜闻宫人琴声》
文天祥简介
唐代·文天祥的简介
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文天祥（1236.6.6－1283.1.9），字履善，又字宋瑞，自号文山，浮休道人。汉族，吉州庐陵（今江西吉安县）人，南宋末大臣，文学家，民族英雄。宝祐四年（1256年）进士，官到右丞相兼枢密史。被派往元军的军营中谈判，被扣留。后脱险经高邮嵇庄到泰县塘湾，由南通南归，坚持抗元。祥光元年（1278年）兵败被张弘范俘虏，在狱中坚持斗争三年多，后在柴市从容就义。著有《过零丁洋》、《文山诗集》、《指南录》、《指南后录》、《正气歌》等作品。
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