一落索·杨花终日空飞舞
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宋代]：秦观
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杨花终日空飞舞，奈久长难驻。海潮虽是暂时来，却有个、堪凭处。
紫府碧云为路。好相将归去。肯如薄幸五更风，不解与、花为主。
一落索·杨花终日空飞舞译文及注释
译文
丈夫如同杨花，很轻浮，一会儿东，一会儿西，朝三暮四，就是不肯在家里久留。海潮虽然只是暂时到来，却好歹会来。
丈夫啊，我一直思量着，如果真的有仙宫的话，夫妻俩应是帮扶着赶向那里。谁知道你就像摧花的残风一样，那么薄幸，根本不懂得替我做主，我还有什么盼头呢？
注释
一落索：词牌名。双调，四十六字，两阕平仄格式，各三仄韵。
紫府：道家称仙人居所。
相将：相与，相共。
一落索·杨花终日空飞舞创作背景
这首词约作于元丰年间及第之前，具体创作年份未知。时宋代世风淡薄，词人为了表达自己内心的嘲讽与无奈而写下了这首词。
参考资料：
1、石海光编．秦观词全集 汇校汇注汇评：崇文书局，2015.08：第31页
一落索·杨花终日空飞舞鉴赏
这是一首闺怨词，重在对男子薄幸的怨怼不满，抒情婉转而造语浅近。上片以杨花的终日飞舞与海潮短暂回归作对照，用心不在前者的飞舞“终日”，看似长久，所取却在海潮回归虽然短暂，但去来有信，行动有期。四句歌词，却两用对比，前两句是用杨花的终日的“空飞舞”，与其无法长久留驻作对照，后两句则是用海潮的暂时回归，与其“堪凭处”作对比。词人选取这两组意象，是有着丰富的内涵的。杨花终日飞舞，实指春景又至，春事再繁，实寓有美人迟暮之感和闺中寂寞之意。海潮的意象就更是含蕴丰富了。唐诗人李益有《江南曲》诗拟闺中怨妇云：“嫁得瞿塘贾，朝朝误妾期。早知潮有信，嫁与弄潮儿。”这里，词人实际上是翻用其诗意，以海潮虽短却有信，表达出对男子一去之后即杏无音讯的愤懑和不满。
下片也是利用两组意象的对比来抒发词情：碧云有路可相将归去，五更风却不解与花为主。在这里，词人将女主人公的怨情推进了一层，从上片的单纯抱怨，发展到如今的殷切期盼。所谓恨之深，正是因为爱之挚。在对碧云归路的向往中，读者似乎可以感受到闺中人那炽烈迸发的情感热流，虽然置身孤独与寂寞之中，但她仍然憧憬着“相将归去”的美好生活。在对薄幸五更风的责难声中，我们又似乎可以体味到她对情有所归心有所属的人生的美好追求。特别是末句，用“不解与花为主”作为对薄幸人的抱怨之辞，很值得品昧。对于一个彻夜未眠的思妇而言，其心绪的烦乱，是可想而知的。这里，让闺中人把一腔的怨气发泄到五更风上，可以说是很切合人物心理的。更妙的是，这一声抱怨之中，还包含着她满腹的心思。此女以花自喻，以五更风不知护花惜花的薄幸行为，比拟男子的薄情寡义，词情含蓄蕴藉，造语又生新可喜，可以说是不可多得的妙句。
整首词抒情流畅清新，布局工稳，针脚细密，其情感发展的脉络也是相当明晰的，“奈”、“却有”、“好”、“肯如”等虚词，将每句话的前一层意思都作了推进，从中可以体会到抒情主人公的怨情，由无奈到抱怨、到企盼、到最后失落和愤恨，在不断地向纵深推进或者说上升。但同时，在这种怨愤背后，又显然有一种殷切的热望在心头：对杨花飞舞难驻的无奈，正因为意在希望两情长久；对海潮虽说短暂却守信约的赞颂，用意正在强调彼此贞信的可贵；对紫府碧云相将归去的向往，无非意在期盼着两情依依；抱怨五更风的不解与花为主，又可以看出她对爱的渴望。就是这样，一取一舍，句意不断转换，在对反面做出否定的同时，又对正面作了更大程度的肯定，一明一暗两条线索，彼此穿插、相互交织，用语虽简，而语意却丰。除此之外，词中实际上还暗含有一条更深的隐线，那就是时间线索。词以杨花飞舞的白昼开头，以夜深更残结束，中间作了大胆的省略，在形成前后呼应之时，也暗地里勾勒出闺中人日夜相思、苦自煎熬的形象。
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唐代·秦观的简介
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秦观（1049-1100）字太虚，又字少游，别号邗沟居士，世称淮海先生。汉族，北宋高邮（今江苏）人，官至太学博士，国史馆编修。秦观一 生坎坷，所写诗词，高古沉重，寄托身世，感人至深。秦观生前行踪所至之处，多有遗迹。如浙江杭州的秦少游祠，丽水的秦少游塑像、淮海先生祠、莺花亭；青田的秦学士祠；湖南郴州三绝碑；广西横县的海棠亭、醉乡亭、淮海堂、淮海书院等。秦观墓在无锡惠山之北粲山上，墓碑上书“秦龙图墓”几个大字。有秦家村、秦家大院以及省级文物保护单位古文游台。
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