菩萨蛮·晶帘一片伤心白
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清代]：纳兰性德
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晶帘一片伤心白，云鬟香雾成遥隔。无语问添衣，桐阴月已西。
西风鸣络纬，不许愁人睡。只是去年秋，如何泪欲流。
菩萨蛮·晶帘一片伤心白译文及注释
译文
白得叫人心惊的月光，映照在水晶帘上；我俩遥遥相隔，看不到你如云的秀发，嗅不到你似雾的浓香。想问候一声要不要多添件衣裳，却毫无办法；月挂西天，梧桐的树阴已经拉得很长。
西风起，蟋蟀声声鸣响；不让忧愁的人儿睡下；秋天还是去年的秋天，可为什么面对秋景，泪水总想流上我的脸庞？
注释
“晶帘”：水晶帘。伤心，极言之辞。伤心白即极白。李白词：“寒山一带伤心碧”，皆类于此。此句谓在月光的映衬下水晶帘看上去一片白。西风鸣络纬，不许愁人睡。只是去年秋，如何泪欲流。云鬟香雾”句：语出杜甫《月夜》：“香雾云鬟湿，清辉玉臂寒”，这是杜甫写给妻子的诗，容若用此亦代妻子。此句谓头发乌黑如云，香气似雾浓，以此代指所爱所思的女子。“无语”句，承上句，谓所思的人不再身边，即使天气寒冷，也无法问她要不要加衣裳，照应了前句的“成遥隔”。“添衣”两字，平淡深情。“桐阴”：梧桐树阴，此句谓月已西沉，即夜色已深。“络纬”：蟋蟀
“桐阴”：梧桐树阴，此句谓月已西沉，即夜色已深。制衣，如斯似是习以为常，总觉得天长日久，手中好光阴无从消磨。你我似陌上戏春的孩童，看见花开花谢都惘然欢喜心无凄伤。只是今日，你离开我以后，再没有人为我添衣，管我寒暖，而我亦失去照顾疼惜你的机会。看得见吗？是一样的秋色。秋风月夜，我伫立在桐阴之下。仍似去年秋，你知我为何泪欲流？生死相隔，我如此地无能为力。
“络纬”：蟋蟀。一说纺织娘。
“只是”句：谓秋色和去年秋天相同。
去年秋时人尚在，今年秋时，风景不改，人已不在。这阕小令所截取的，不过是生活中“添衣”这么一个细小的事。除却“云鬟香雾”的指代，言语极平实，上下阕折转之间也是从容淡定，然而于小处极见真情，凄婉动人之处，似是眼前梨花飞舞，细碎地散落一地，让人心意黯然。此词当是康熙十六年秋之作。亦是容若小令中的经典之作。“只是去年秋，如何泪欲流。”的“欲”字更是用的恰倒好处，“欲”是将出未出，想流不能流,容若将那种哀极无泪的情状写地极精准。。一说纺织娘。“只是”句：谓秋色和去年秋天相同。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍．纳兰词笺注：北京出版社，2005-5-1：14
菩萨蛮·晶帘一片伤心白创作背景
此词据考证，应作于康熙十六年（1677）秋，卢氏新亡不久。
参考资料：
1、安意如．当时只道是寻常：天津教育出版社，2011：107
菩萨蛮·晶帘一片伤心白鉴赏
李白《菩萨蛮》词有“寒山一带伤心碧”，指日暮之时，山色转深。伤心是极言之辞。伤心碧即山色深碧，伤心白即极白。后人之词多类于此。在月光的映衬下水晶帘看上去一片白。水晶帘内端坐的美人已然不在。全词除却“云鬟香雾”的指代略露艳色之外，言语极平实。如果知晓这指代是化自杜甫《月夜》，明白杜甫藏在“香雾云鬟湿，清辉玉臂寒”后面的相思凄苦，恐怕只有艳丽之后掩饰的惘然。
细读“只是去年秋，如何泪欲流。”“欲”字更是用的恰到好处，“欲”是将出未出，想流不能流，容若将那种哀极无泪的情状写地极精准。
年年秋日，看时光流转，如习以为常，总觉得日久天长，看见花谢都心无凄伤。待得一日光阴流尽，才醒转过来。秋风虫鸣月色深浓，仍似去年秋，你知为飘渺孤鸿？感情的付出是相互映衬的。
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西江月·日日深杯酒满》
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陆游《
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自咏示客》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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