哨遍·为米折腰
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宋代]：苏轼
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陶渊明赋《归去来》，有其词而无其声。余治东坡，筑雪堂于上。人俱笑其陋，独鄱阳董毅夫过而悦之，有卜邻之意。乃取《归去来》词，稍加檃括，使就声律，以遗毅夫。使家童歌之，时相从于东坡，释耒而和之，扣牛角而为之节，不亦乐乎？
为米折腰，因酒弃家，口体交相累。归去来，谁不遣君归。觉从前皆非今是。露未晞。征夫指予归路，门前笑语喧童稚。嗟旧菊都荒，新松暗老，吾年今已如此。但小窗容膝闭柴扉。策杖看孤云暮鸿飞。云出无心，鸟倦知还，本非有意。
噫！归去来兮。我今忘我兼忘世。亲戚无浪语，琴书中有真味。步翠麓崎岖，泛溪窈窕，涓涓暗谷流春水。观草木欣荣，幽人自感，吾生行且休矣。念寓形宇内复几时。不自觉皇皇欲何之？委吾心、去留谁计。神仙知在何处？富贵非吾志。但知临水登山啸咏，自引壶觞自醉。此生天命更何疑。且乘流、遇坎还止。
哨遍·为米折腰译文及注释
译文
陶渊明写《归去来兮辞》，文章有词句而没有配声律。我在东坡置地之后，在坡上面建筑了雪堂。人们都笑话雪堂简陋，只有鄱阳人董毅夫过访觉得很喜欢，并有为邻的打算。于是拿来取《归去来兮辞》，稍微加以檃括，使它符合声律，用以赠送给董毅夫。 让家中僮仆歌唱，当时僮仆跟随我在东坡上，我放下农具与他唱和，敲击牛角为他打节拍，不是很快乐吗？
为了生存而委屈自己，为了追求而离开家庭，身体和内心都已疲惫不堪。回去吧，谁不想我回家呢。我感到从前的生活都不是现在所期盼的。路旁白露尚未干。行人指给我回家的路，门前有嬉笑的孩童。曾经种植的菊田已经荒芜，原先年轻的松树已经悄悄衰老，不得不感叹我如今已和它们一样。只有小窗容我驻足，关紧了院子的大门。拿起拐杖到窗前看风高云淡，暮鸟归巢。云飞天空，本没有心思，暮鸟归巢，也只是本能。
哎呀！回归乡下了。我忘却了自己，也忘却了世界。亲戚之间已经无话可谈，只有音乐和文学才能带来真正的快乐。在翠绿的山里崎岖的小路上散步，叮咚的小溪与我为伴，暗谷里同样有着春的希望。看见草木是何等繁盛，感叹说生命也该在这里结束吧。自家的破房能算哪一类呢？为什么要担惊受怕不可终日？收敛自己的心思，不管门外的变化。神仙只会在哪里呢？至少不是对富贵的渴求。只用在水岸在山巅自在地高呼，用壶中的美酒来超脱自己。这不就是神仙一样自在的天命么？像水一样前进，遇到坎就停下。
注释
治东坡：指在东坡垦荒耕种。
鄱（pó）阳：今江西省鄱阳县东。董毅夫：人名。
卜邻：选择邻居，即做邻居的意思。
檃（yǐn）括：就某文体原有内容、词句改写为另一体裁之创作手法。
释耒（lěi）：放下农具。
节：节拍，打节拍。
口体交相累：因口欲而拖累身体，因身体不受委屈而影响口欲。交相，互相。
晞（xī）：干。
征夫：指行人。
“门前”句：言儿童在门前笑语喧哗。
嗟：慨叹。
容膝：仅容下双膝，言居室狭小。扉：门。
策杖：拄杖。
浪语：乱语。
麓：山脚。
窈窕（yǎo tiǎo）：美好貌。一说幽深貌。
幽人：隐居的人。这里系作者自指。
皇皇：同“惶惶”。心不安貌。
觞（shāng）：酒杯。
遇坎还止：意谓随意而安，顺其自然。坎，坑、穴。
哨遍·为米折腰创作背景
此词作于苏轼贬官黄州时期，其题序交待了创作背景，有个叫董毅夫的人罢官东川，归鄱阳，途经黄州，与苏轼相聚多日，董毅夫离去时，苏轼作此词相赠。
参考资料：
1、陈如江．一蓑烟雨任平生：东坡词．济南：山东文艺出版社，2014：106-108
哨遍·为米折腰鉴赏
此词檃括陶渊明《归去来辞》而成。檃括，就是就原有的文章加以剪裁改写。此词仅微改《归去来辞》语句，不改其意，使之符合声律。
此词主旨即是“归去来”。苏轼之爱陶渊明，在于欣赏他的弃官归隐。苏轼在仕途中挫伤累累，太需要解脱，“归去来”便是他抚慰心灵的最佳方法，逃避现实的最佳途径。全词从未归以前之误、去彼来此之急写起，一直写到归来游赏之趣，田园之乐，及家人相聚之欢，最后以随缘自适作结，写得周到而浑成。尽管词意全系出自《归去来辞》，但抒写的是自己的怀抱，与胸中无此境界，徒以檃括为趣不同。
陶渊明《归去来辞》的文字，可说非常精练，没有一句废话。在这种情况下要加以檃括，有著相当高的难度，非一般人能为之。苏轼檃括此作的高妙处，在他融合了《归去来辞》的“序”与“正文”的精旨。譬如，《哨遍》的首句“为米折腰”，概括了陶渊明史传的可靠记载；次句“因酒弃家”，凝缩了“序”文的“公田之利，足以为酒，故便求之”等语；第三句“口体相交累”，从“序”一下过渡至“正文”，除了味道不变，甚至还有导入主境的妙效。所以说，苏轼改写《归去来辞》，实际是一种艺术创造。
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卢挚《
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沉醉东风·闲居》
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陈草庵《
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山坡羊·江山如画》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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断槛扶慵，危桥倚困，日日无情烟雨。旧识萧娘，不是者般眉妩。
直瘦到、金缕衣宽，断魂比、玉门关苦。念漂萍、泊絮都非，斜阳空付乱蝉语。
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茅屋
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元代：
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廖大圭
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茅屋阴阴水北村，满床书卷一桐孙。雨声长在黄梅树，四月来时不出门。