水调歌头·赋魏方泉望湖楼
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宋代]:吴文英
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屋下半流水,屋上几青山。当心千顷明镜,入座玉光寒。云起南峰未雨,云敛北峰初霁,健笔写青天。俯瞰古城堞,不碍小阑干。
绣鞍马,软红路,乍回班。层梯影转亭午,信手展缃编。残照游船收尽,新月画帘才卷,人在翠壶间。天际笛声起,尘世夜漫漫。
水调歌头·赋魏方泉望湖楼创作背景
朱祖谋笺:《癸卯杂识》:魏峻,字高叔,号方泉,娶赵氏,乃穆陵亲姊,四郡主也。此词作于公元1246年(淳祐六年),根据夏承焘《吴梦窗系年》,当时吴文英四十七岁。《吴郡志》:魏峻本年三月,自知平江除刑部侍郎,还朝而卒。
参考资料:
1、周汝昌 等.唐宋词鉴赏辞典(南宋·辽·金卷).上海:上海辞书出版社,1988年8月版:第2481页
水调歌头·赋魏方泉望湖楼鉴赏
“屋下”两句,点明“望湖楼”是座傍山依水的建筑物。楼宇挑出水面,所以“屋下半”有“流水”淙淙;隔着楼顶望去,可以看到青山蜿蜓。“当心”两句,“当心”应作“赏心”。此言是楼面湖而筑,门窗开处,千顷平静似镜的湖水皆入眼中,水光掩映之下,使楼内满室生寒,真是“水光潋滟晴方好”,使人见后赏心悦目。“云起”三句,写远眺。此言如果湖对面的南高峰上罩上了黑云,那末这儿一时半刻还不致会有雨;又如果是楼后面的北高峰上云雾收敛的话,那末这里也就会马上会转晴了。据此,望湖楼应在北高峰前的西湖北面。又看那云来云去,以天作纸,以云作画,像是有一个大手笔在用一支“健笔”着意地挥洒。“俯瞰”两句,形容楼之高。此言从望湖楼上可以低首远望远处古老的城墙,那窗外的栏干,挡不住词人的视线。
“绣鞍马”五句,写游湖之人中午都来楼中休息。此言那些骑在铺着绣鞍的俊马上的游客们,从绿水青山中尽兴返回,到“望湖楼”时刚好日至正午。在等候午餐之间,有人信手翻阅起随身所带的书本。“缃编”,即缃帙,系浅黄色的书套,这里借代为书本。欧阳修《进唐书表》有:“久披缃帙,粗定铅黄”可证之。“残照”三句,写黄昏景。言游客们在楼中酒醉饭饱之后,不知不觉中已临近黄昏。他们还可以从楼上观赏到落日余晖。那时候湖面上已经没有了游船。当蛾眉月升起之时,它似乎是挂在楼门帘边的银钩一般,更显得湖山如画般清新可爱。从“新月”句中可知,“望湖楼”确在北高峰前的西湖边上,因此游客可从楼中如平湖秋月那样的欣赏月色了。再是“新月”,也点明时在月初。词人从翠绿色的壶形窗中望了出去,岸边游人似乎是行走在镶嵌的画框里一样。“天际”两句。言当远处隐隐约约地响起牧童晚归时的牧笛声时,很快这花花世界又将融入进漫漫长夜之中。
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许浑《
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登洛阳故城》
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李商隐《
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谒山》
吴文英简介
唐代·吴文英的简介
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吴文英(约1200~1260),字君特,号梦窗,晚年又号觉翁,四明(今浙江宁波)人。原出翁姓,后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。有《梦窗词集》一部,存词三百四十余首,分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃,风格雅致,多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作,号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。
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