西过渭州见渭水思秦川
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唐代]：岑参
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渭水东流去，何时到雍州？
凭添两行泪，寄向故园流。
西过渭州见渭水思秦川译文及注释
译文
长长的渭水东流不休，什么时候能流到雍州？
请带上我的两行热泪，向着遥远的故乡奔流！
注释
渭州：陇右道有渭州，在今甘肃陇西县西南。渭水：源出渭州鸟鼠山，东流至陕西境入黄河。秦川：今陕西中部地区，此处指长安。
雍州：唐初改隋之京兆郡为雍州，治所在长安。唐代开元元年，复改雍州为京兆府。此处借指长安。
凭：请求。
故园：指诗人在长安的高冠别业。
西过渭州见渭水思秦川创作背景
这首怀乡之作写于天宝八载（749）南京出塞途中。作者在西行经过渭州时看见东流的渭水因而思念起自己的故乡长安，于是有感而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、刘开扬．岑参诗选：四川文艺出版社，1986：40
西过渭州见渭水思秦川鉴赏
这首诗中的感情是“思秦川”，即思乡，而触发这种感情的缘由则是“见渭水”。全诗通过写渭水来寄托自己的情思。
诗的一开始就以“渭水东流去”点出题目“见渭水”；而“东流”又暗含诗人“西行”之意。因渭水东流，经过自己的家乡秦川一带，对于远离家乡的诗人来说，自然要触动对家乡的思念，故有第二句“思秦川”——“何时到雍州”。这句不直写自己思乡，而是通过流水来写，不直说自己何时归故乡，而说渭水“何时到雍州”，语意极委婉。而且，这里不用直陈语气，却用反问语气，与白居易《亿江南》词中“何时更重游”，与韦庄《浣溪沙》词中“几时携手入长安”等等诗句一样，都表现出一种痴情的期待和盼望，从而把思乡之情表达得更为深沉。通过这种委婉深沉的含蓄的语气把“思秦川”的“思”传达出来。“凭添两行泪，寄向故园流”两句承接上文，以自己的所为写“思”。诗人本不能返回故乡，却将两行热泪洒向河水，让河水带回故乡。寄去的是热泪，寄托的却是深情。如果说“渭水东流去”的“流”，仅仅是水流，是诗人之所见，是触起乡思的一个外界因素，那么，“寄向故园流”的“流”就不只是水流，它所流去的已不只是河从而是诗人的一片深情，因而就已不只是所“见”，而是所“思”了。诗人急切地询问“何时到雍州”的原因在这里也就找到了答案，即诗人要让河水带去自己对故乡的怀念。
全诗写西行途中因“见”而“思”的一个片断，看来很偶然，但出于诗人内心情思十分深厚，任何事物部可以触发它；而每经触发，它都会十分强烈地奔泻出来，因而又是必然的。诗中就是通过这一刹那所思表现了对故因的一片深情。这首诗的语言朴素自然，不假修饰，是从诗人心中流出，显得极为真挚深沉。
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岑参简介
唐代·岑参的简介
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岑参（约715-770年），唐代边塞诗人，南阳人，太宗时功臣岑文本重孙，后徙居江陵。[1-2] 岑参早岁孤贫，从兄就读，遍览史籍。唐玄宗天宝三载（744年）进士，初为率府兵曹参军。后两次从军边塞，先在安西节度使高仙芝幕府掌书记；天宝末年，封常清为安西北庭节度使时，为其幕府判官。代宗时，曾官嘉州刺史（今四川乐山），世称“岑嘉州”。大历五年（770年）卒于成都。
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