数日
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宋代]：赵师秀
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数日秋风欺病夫，尽吹黄叶下庭芜。
林疏放得遥山出，又被云遮一半无。
数日译文及注释
译文
连日秋风，吹着我支离病骨；把满树的黄叶摇下，飘洒在庭院的每个角落。
稀疏的树林，刚让人能透过它眺望远方的群山；不作美的白云，飘过来又把山顶的一半遮没。
注释
病夫，病人，诗人自指。
庭芜，荒芜的庭院。
林疏，叶子落了，树林变得稀疏。
数日鉴赏
此诗风格颇类“诚斋体”。写秋风毫无萧瑟肃杀之气，诗意活泼跳脱。屈原的“袅袅兮秋风，洞庭波兮木叶下”（《九歌·湘夫人》），写秋风优柔，而杜甫的“无边落木萧萧下”（《登高》）则气势磅礴，宋玉“悲哉秋之为气也，萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰”（《九辩》），乃因心有所梗而发为悲秋之叹，赵师秀这首诗写秋风不落窠臼，属“胸次玲珑”之作。
这首诗前两句写秋风一起，自己的病体受到打击，不堪承受，眼前庭院里纷纷飘下了黄叶。这两句一写人，一写树叶，看上去是分写，各有所主，实质上是用秋风作为共同媒体，在感情上物我相通。人被秋风吹得难受，树被秋风吹得枯黄，树尚不能抵挡风寒，何况是人，且又在病中。于是两句又合成了一句。“永嘉四灵”就是如此善于捕捉情景的共同点，通过微妙的系属加以联贯，创造出所需要的氛围来。同时，以“欺病夫”三字对自然进行调侃戏谑，这种圆熟，也是四灵诗派的特色，所以陈衍《宋诗精华录》认为接近杨万里。
三、四是名句，充满理趣。庭前黄叶飘坠，门外的树林便也脱尽绿叶，透过稀疏的林木，刚能看到远山，然而又飘来白云，山被遮住了一半。赵师秀诗善于炼字，每被评论家所激赏，这儿的“放”与“遮”二字就很见功力。用了这二个动词，自然景观一下子活了起来，变成了主动的有感情的物体。开门望山，本是诗人的情趣，但平日密林遮挡，无法直见远山，如今树林采取合作态度，落尽了树叶，宛如把关禁的远山放出，呈现眼前，偏偏白云又来为难，把平常放在外面、任人观赏的秀丽山峰遮盖住一半，不给人看。于是，诗人不禁感叹，山林是否也有它的思想，不肯让人们过分惬意，特地留下一分遗憾，使人增加几分想象。
这首绝句的第一个特色是讲究炼字，颇见作者的功力。炼得妙的有二个字，一是“欺”字，不但赋予秋风以人的灵性，且富有谐趣。秋风居然也欺负起生病的诗人来，这种用自我调侃的笔调写出来的诗句，非常诙谐、幽默、风趣。二是“放”字，“无边落木萧萧下”，本令人感到非常凄凉悲怆，何况它又洒满了荒芜的庭院，可是诗人却从中看到了另一面，叶落林疏，远山顿现，不禁给人以惊喜。“林”仿佛像人一样，似乎是拉开用叶子做的帷幕，“放”出远山，既富诗情，又富画意。
这首绝句的第二个特色是富有绘画的构图美，构图是指景物的布局和取舍。诗人从全局着眼，大处落墨，绘出景物的全貌，突出它延绵不断的走向和无边无际的广度，这样就把远山的总体布局展现在面前，感到是在观赏一幅巨画。而“云遮一半”的取舍，实际上是用云来点染画面，更突出地反映出这首诗是用画家的眼光和笔法来体现构图美。
整诗虽然格局不大，但诗人善于欣赏景物，纵深地领略自然界的情趣，用语又十分精到，所以在以绝句出名的宋代，仍为众口交誉的好诗。
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刘基《
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题沙溪驿》
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李白《
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秋日登扬州西灵塔》
赵师秀简介
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赵师秀（1170～1219年）字紫芝，号灵秀，亦称灵芝，又号天乐。永嘉（今浙江温州）人。南宋诗人。
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