河渎神
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唐代]：张泌
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古树噪寒鸦，满庭枫叶芦花。昼灯当午隔轻纱，画阁珠帘影斜。
门外往来祈赛客，翩翩帆落天涯。回首隔江烟火，渡头三两人家。
河渎神译文及注释
译文
古树上鸦声噪鸣一片，秋风吹落的芦花枫叶，撒满寺庙的庭院。青纱帐的后面，供神的灯中午还亮着，斜斜的灯影投给画阁珠帘。
寺门外来来往往的人声嘈杂，求神还愿的香客步履沓沓。远去的白帆似在江风中起舞，渐渐地消逝在茫茫的天涯。回头远望，隔江的炊烟袅袅，寂寥的渡口有三两户人家。
注释
河渎神：唐教坊曲名，双调四十九字，上片四句四平韵，下片四句四仄韵。
寒鸦：秋冬时节的乌鸦。
“昼灯”一句：昼灯：祠庙中的长明灯。轻纱：指灯罩。画阁：画阁：彩绘的楼阁，指祠庙。斜：斜着的灯影。 [2]
祈赛：即祈报，祭祀名。春祈丰年，秋报神功。又遇水旱则祈，既如愿而报。祈赛客，祈报的百姓。翩翩：往来的样子。
烟火：百姓做饭时的炊烟袅袅。渡头：渡津。三两人家。
参考资料：
1、李琏生编．天地袖珍文库 唐诗三百首：天地出版社，2001年03月第1版：第196页
2、李谊．花间集注释：四川文艺出版社，1986年06月第1版：第173页
3、（后蜀）赵崇祚编选．花间集注评：凤凰出版社，2008.5：第128页
河渎神创作背景
这首词创作具体时间不详。作者乘船经过河神庙内外，恰巧遇到祠庙祈赛，行客过往匆匆，暮霭沉沉，隔岸遥观，只能隐约见到星星点点的人家烟火散落江上。词人内心倍感孤独和凄凉，于是写下这首词，表达词人深浓的客途秋恨。
参考资料：
1、（后蜀）赵崇祚编选．花间集注评：凤凰出版社，2008.5：第128页
2、龚祖培编著．唐五代词三百首：配图本：天地出版社，2004年01月第1版：第252页
河渎神鉴赏
这首词词赋本题，写神祠一日祈赛所见所感。上片从外而内，写神祠之静穆枫叶如霞，芦花似雪，此为寻常秋景；古树参天，寒鸦霜色。此为不寻常之秋色。点染外景，渲染出庄严的色彩。“昼灯”二句，摹写内景。日已当午，轻纱拂笼，光线幽暗，昼灯幂幂，珠帘垂坠。当午犹如此，朝暮之昏暗幽幂当可知。由“当午”到“影斜”，神祠一日已过矣。
下片由近而远，写众人之归。祈赛已毕，渡水而来的香客，也由“门外往来”到“翩翩帆落”。与上阕神祠的古穆神秘相比，“门外”二句，显出尘世扰扰的况味来。一日喧嚣，帆去如蝶，轻忽无痕，终归天涯。于神祠而言，熙熙攘攘，终究只是门外过客，来者终去，留者难留，一切部将回归到古树枫叶的寂寂中。所祈所盼的由衷之诚和殷切之志，让帆远人去的香客神思萦绕，不禁频频回首，但望中所见并非神祠，而是隔江烟火、三两人家。村户寥落，渡口人家，神且难佑；千里之遥，往来祈赛，神有什么灵验。天涯客的回首，极见回味后的沉静之思。由起句之古树寒鸦，到结语的三两人家，画境苍朴，余韵袅袅。
这首词咏祈赛，却略写祈赛过程，更没有正面描写画旗喧鼓，全拟祈赛者口吻。上片写祈赛客一路接近神祠时所见，下片写祈赛客离开神祠时回首所望景象。上片未见人踪，全写神祠，而笔笔随人之视线而动；下片笔笔随人，而言外心中，依然隐隐有神祠在焉。在多咏闺思别愁的唐五代词中，此词别具面目，另呈一格。
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蔡伸《
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苏武慢·雁落平沙》
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李白《
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秋夕旅怀》
张泌简介
唐代·张泌的简介
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张泌，字子澄，唐末重要作家，生卒年约与韩偓(842-914)相当。
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