江上秋夜
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宋代]：道潜
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雨暗苍江晚未晴，井梧翻叶动秋声。
楼头夜半风吹断，月在浮云浅处明。
江上秋夜译文及注释
译文
写苍江阴雨绵绵，时至傍晚仍未见晴，井边的梧桐翻动着叶片，飒飒有声。
站在江楼上，风吹到半夜才停，乌云渐散，但末完全散去，透出朦胧月色。
注释
井梧：井边的梧桐。
风吹断：风停了。断，止。
江上秋夜创作背景
宋人写景，往往不满足于总体印象的概括或静态的勾勒，而是刻意追求深细地表现出时间推移过程中的自然景物的变化。这首七绝就是那个时代的文化产物。
参考资料：
1、缪钺等撰写 ．宋诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1987.12 ：496-497
江上秋夜鉴赏
这首七绝通过描写苍江从傍晚到夜半、天气由阴雨转晴的变化过程，烘托出江上秋夜由喧闹渐入静谧的气氛，构成了清冷寒寂的意境。全诗四句四景，分别选择最适宜的角度表现了阴雨、风起、风停及将晴时分的景色，虽一句一转，却合成一幅完整的画面。
首句写阴雨笼罩中的苍江到晚来还没见晴，“暗”字气象浑涵，下得精当，不但用浓墨绘出了天低云暗、秋水苍茫的江景，而且使浓重的雨意和渐渐来临的暗夜自然连成一气，一句写尽了白昼到傍晚的天色。这句是从大处落墨，第二句则是从细处着意。井边的梧桐翻动着叶子，飒飒有声，是风吹所致，此时倘若还是“梧桐更兼细雨”，便应是“到黄昏点点滴滴”（李清照《声声慢》）的另一番景象了。由梧叶翻卷的动静辨别风声，可见此时风还不大，始发于树间，因此这细微的声息暗示了风一起雨将停的变化，又是秋声始动的征兆。第三句写半夜里风声才停时的情景，“吹”与“断”说明风曾刮得很紧，从楼头判别风声，就不同于从桐叶上辨别风声了，必定要有相当的风力和呼呼的声响才能听出是“吹”还是“断”。所以这一句中的“断”字放在句断之处，与上一句井梧翻叶相应，虽只是写风的一起一止，却概括了风声由小到大，吹了半夜才停的全过程。这正是欧阳修所写“初淅沥而萧飒，忽奔腾而澎湃，如波涛夜惊”（《秋声赋》）的秋声。这两句全从江楼上的人的听觉落笔，真切地写出了秋声来时江上暗夜中凄清的气氛。这个“断”字还承上启下，带出了最后一句精彩的描写：风停之后，乌云渐渐散开，但尚未完全放晴，月亮已在云层的浅淡之处透出了光明。作者准确地抓住了浮云将散而未散的这一瞬间，表现出月亮将要钻出云层的动态，烘托出半夜风雨之后天色初晴时那种特有的清新和宁静的气氛。“明”字在首句“暗”字的映衬下，成为全诗最耀眼的亮色，在结尾处预示出一片雨过天晴的明朗境界。
这首诗纯以写景的真切细致取胜，但如果没有作者对秋意的敏锐感受，便不容易准确地捕捉住每个特定时刻的景物特征，如果没有精巧的构思和炼字，也不容易在一首短短的绝句中如此层次分明地展现出景色随天色阴晴而转换的过程，并形成浑成的意境。
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孔绍安《
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落叶》
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白居易《
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微雨夜行》
道潜简介
唐代·道潜的简介
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道潜（1043—1106）北宋诗僧。本姓何，字参寥，赐号妙总大师。於潜（今属浙江临安）浮村人。自幼出家。与苏轼诸人交好，轼谪居黄州时，他曾专程前去探望。元祐中，住杭州智果禅院。因写诗语涉讥刺，被勒令还俗。后得昭雪，复削发为僧。著有《参寥子集》。
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