南歌子·驿路侵斜月
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宋代]：吕本中
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驿路侵斜月，溪桥度晓霜。短篱残菊一枝黄。正是乱山深处、过重阳。
旅枕元无梦，寒更每自长。只言江左好风光。不道中原归思、转凄凉。
南歌子·驿路侵斜月译文及注释
译文
将近黎明时分，穿过山间驿路，踏过溪上板桥，只见斜月西隐，寒霜满地。行过乱山深处，只见在那野人篱落旁，一枝盛开的金菊，赫然点缀在残菊丛中，耀人眼目，好像在提醒人们重阳佳节已至。
夜投旅舍，孤寂难眠，寒夜的更声阵阵传来，让人更感长夜难捱。平时总听说江南山水奇绝，风光秀美，今日踏上了江南的土地，却丝毫唤不起心中的激情，心里所想的却是那正被金人铁蹄蹂躏的故乡，有家难归的满腔悲凉油然而生。
注释
元：同“原”。
寒更：寒夜的更声。
江左：江东，这里泛指江南地区。
参考资料：
1、杨光治．唐宋词三百首今译赏析：江西人民出版社，1996-01
南歌子·驿路侵斜月创作背景
吕本中在宋高宗时做过中书舍人，因主张政治清明，收复失地，得罪秦桧被免职，这首词就是他被免职后在流徙途中写成的。
参考资料：
1、杨光治．唐宋词三百首今译赏析：江西人民出版社，1996-01
南歌子·驿路侵斜月鉴赏
这是一首描写旅途风光景物与感受的小令。词人作此词时不但有一个时令背景（重阳佳节），而且有一个特殊的历史背景（北宋灭亡后词人南渡，流落江南）。正是这个特殊的历史背景，使这首词具有和一般的羁旅之作不同的特点。
上片为旅途即景。开头两句，写早行时沿途的风景。天上还挂着斜月，就动身上路了。驿路上映照着斜月的寒光溪桥上尚凝结着一层晓霜。两句中写词人自己动作的词只一“度”字，但第一句写斜月映路，实际上已经暗含人的早行。两句意境接近温庭筠诗句“鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜”的意境，但温诗前面直接点出“客行悲故乡”，吕词则情含景中，只于“驿路”、“晓霜”中稍透羁旅之意。此外“晓霜”兼点时令，为的是下面提出“残菊”不突然。
“短篱残菊一枝黄，正是乱山深处过重阳。”这两句说的是路旁农舍外词人看到矮篱围成的小园中，一枝残菊正寂寞地开着黄花。看到此景，词人想起当天是应该饮酒赏菊的重阳佳节，又感慨到这年这节日，竟乱山深处的旅途中度过了。上句是旅途所见，下句是由此触发的联想与感慨。佳节思亲怀乡，是人之常情，更何况对于有家难归（吕本中是寿州人）的词人来说，由此引起的家国沦亡之痛便更为深沉了。但词人这里并未点破这种痛苦，只是用“乱山深处过重阳”一语轻轻带过，留待下片集中抒发感慨。两句由残菊联想到重阳，又由重阳想到眼前的处境和沦亡的故乡。词人思绪曲折感慨万千，而出语却自然爽利。
“旅枕元无梦，寒更每自长。”下片的头两句，由早行所见所感想到夜间他乡客宿情景。旅途中住宿，词人因为心事重重，老是睡不着觉，所以说“元无梦”；正因为深夜不能入睡，就更加感到秋夜的漫长，所以说“寒更每自长”。句中着一“每”字，可见这种情形已非一日，而是羁旅中常有的。“元”、“每”二字，着意而不着力，言外更令人凄然。
一般的羁旅之行，特别是佳节独处的时候，固然也会令人有这种难掩的寂寞和忧伤，但词人之所以有此感，却是另有一番滋味心头。“只言江左好风光，不道中原归思转凄凉。”江左即是江东，这里指的是南宋统治下的东南半壁河山。江左风光，历来为生长北方的文人墨客所向往。词人此时身在江东了，却并未感到喜悦。原因是中原被占、故乡难归，寂寞的旅途中，词人思乡之情不禁更加强烈，忧国的凄凉情绪也更加深沉了。两句用“只言”虚提，以“不道”与“转”反接，抑扬顿挫之间，正蕴含无穷忧伤时事的感叹。词写到这里，感情达到高潮，主题也就得到了集中的体现，它和一般羁旅之作不同的特点也自然流露出来了。
这首词着力表现词人的中原归思，同时感情又有一个由隐至显的过程。词人结合特定的景物、时令、旅途状况，层层转进，如剥茧抽丝般地来抒发感情，最后凄然归思，这样抒情便显得很自然。词的感情基调虽比较凄凉伤感，但格调却清新流畅。这种矛盾的统一，构成了一种特殊的风格美，使人读来虽觉凄伤却无压抑之感。
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王冕《
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冀州道中》
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赵溍《
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临江仙·西湖春泛》
吕本中简介
唐代·吕本中的简介
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吕本中（1084- 1145），字居仁，世称东莱先生，寿州人，诗人，词人，道学家. 诗属江西派.著有<<春秋集解>>，<<紫微诗话>>，<<东莱先生诗集>> 等. 词不传，今人赵万里<<校辑宋金元人词>> 辑有<<紫微词>>，<<全宋词>> 据之录词二十七首.吕本中诗数量较大，约一千二百七十首。
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