蜡日
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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风雪送余运，无妨时已和。
梅柳夹门植，一条有佳花。
我唱尔言得，酒中适何多！
未能明多少，章山有奇歌。
蜡日译文及注释
译文
风雪送走了一年剩余的日子，气温则已经开始融和。
门前两边种着梅与柳，一株山楸树好花婆娑。
我歌唱你说难得，酒中的惬意何其多！
说不上酒中的快乐有多少，那石门山曾聆听过奇妙的歌。
注释
蜡（zhà）日：古代年终时大祭万物的节日。蜡，周代十二月祭百神之称。
余运：一年内剩下的时运，即岁暮。
时已和：时节已渐和暖。
夹门植：种植在门两旁。
佳花：指梅花。
唱：指咏诗。尔：你，指上句的佳花。言得：称赏之意。
适：适意，惬意。
未能明多少：难以明了到底有多少，意谓极多。指“酒中适”。
章山：江西南城县东北五里有章山，乔松修竹，森列交荫。疑当指此。
参考资料：
1、孟二冬．陶渊明诗选注．长春：吉林文史出版社，2002：104-105
2、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：185-186
蜡日创作背景
这首诗写于南朝宋武帝永初三年（422年），时年陶渊明五十八岁，诗人恰逢蜡日，即兴而作。
参考资料：
1、柯宝成．陶渊明全集．武汉：崇文书局，2011：162
蜡日鉴赏
此诗开头两句写腊日一到，岁暮就会很快被送走。虽然时有风雪，但无碍于季节的转换，天气的日趋暖和，指明了自然变化规律的不可抗拒性，预示冬即去春将来，渲染了一种蒸腾向上，振奋人心的气氛。
三、四句承接“时已和”写梅、柳干粗枝繁，高大挺拔，傍屋而植，夹门而立，那绽开的梅花一朵朵，一束束，串成一条，芳香四溢，构成一个静谧恬适的境界。在此，虽未言及其中人，其中人超尘拔俗的精神风貌，却可由所居环境的幽雅揣度到八九分。
后四句集中表现所居之人的行为与思想活动。诗人写自己面对佳花把酒吟诗，觉得那花儿也似乎显得心满意足，高兴不已，深感这酒中的快乐，是多而又多。然而究竟其中有多少快乐。谁也弄不清楚，只知唯有像“双阙对峙，其前重岩映带，其后七岭之美，蕴奇于此”的章山那样的风景胜地，才是净化心灵，陶冶情操，激发诗情，可写出妙言奇句佳篇的理想去处。诗人在这里恰当运用了移情于物的艺术手法，把他那种陶醉于山水，热衷隐居生活的怡然之乐表达得淋漓尽致。
这首诗勾勒环境，清新秀雅，有力地烘染了人物的性格；抒发怀抱，移情于物，情趣盎然。尤其是“章山有奇歌”一句，既收束全诗，又有宕出远神之感，使想象由近及远，在更其广阔的空间驰骋，从而进一步拓展了诗的意境，使其更显节短韵长，余味悠然。
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王驾《
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社日》
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陶渊明《
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蜡日》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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