小雅·蓼萧
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两汉]：佚名
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蓼彼萧斯，零露湑兮。既见君子，我心写兮。燕笑语兮，是以有誉处兮。
蓼彼萧斯，零露瀼瀼。既见君子，为龙为光。其德不爽，寿考不忘。
蓼彼萧斯，零露泥泥。既见君子，孔燕岂弟。宜兄宜弟，令德寿岂。
蓼彼萧斯，零露浓浓。既见君子，鞗革忡忡。和鸾雍雍，万福攸同。
小雅·蓼萧译文及注释
译文
艾蒿长得高又长，叶上露珠晶晶亮。既已见到周天子，我的心情真舒畅。一边宴饮边谈笑，因此大家喜洋洋。
艾蒿长得高又长，叶上露珠浓又亮。既已见到周天子，感到恩宠又荣光。您的德行洁无瑕，祝您长寿永无疆。
艾蒿长得高又长，叶上露珠润又亮。既已见到周天子，快乐非常心悦畅。如同兄弟情意浓，美德无瑕寿且长。
艾蒿长得高又长，叶上露珠浓又浓。既已见到周天子，精致马勒饰黄铜。銮铃悦耳响叮当，万般福祉归圣躬。
注释
蓼（lù）：长而大的样子。萧：艾蒿，一种有香气的植物。
斯：语气词，犹“兮”。
零：滴落。湑（xǔ）：湑然，萧上露貌。即叶子上沾着水珠。
写（xiè）：舒畅。
燕：通“宴”，宴饮。
誉处：安乐愉悦。朱熹《诗集传》引苏辙《诗集传》：“誉、豫通。凡诗之誉，皆言乐也。”处，安乐也。
瀼（ráng）瀼：露繁貌，露水很多。
为龙为光：为被天子恩宠而荣幸，喜其德之辞。龙，古“宠”字。
不爽：不差。
不忘：没有止期。忘，“止”的假借。
泥泥：露濡貌，露水很重。
孔燕：非常安详。岂（kǎi）弟（tì）：即“恺悌”，和乐平易。
宜兄宜弟：形容关系和睦，犹如兄弟。宜，适宜。
令德：美德。岂（kǎi）：快乐。
浓浓：同“瀼瀼”，露盛多貌。
鞗（tiáo）革：鞗，辔头；革，马辔所余而垂者也。冲冲：饰物下垂貌。
和鸾：鸾，借为“銮”，和与銮均为铜铃，系在轼上的叫“和”，系在衡上的叫“銮”。皆诸侯车马之饰也。《小雅·庭燎》亦以君子目诸侯，而称其鸾旗之美，正此类也。雝（yōng）雝：和谐的铜铃声。
攸：所。同：会聚。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：362-365
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：348-350
小雅·蓼萧创作背景
此诗当为诸侯朝见周天子时歌颂天子的诗歌。《毛诗序》谓此篇诗旨乃颂天子“泽及四海”，以之为宴远国之君的乐歌，朱熹则以为此乃“燕诸侯之诗”（《诗序辨说》）。吴闿生《诗义会通》又说：“据词当是诸侯颂美天子之作。”
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：362-365
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：348-350
小雅·蓼萧鉴赏
全诗四章，全以萧艾含露起兴。萧艾，一种可供祭祀用的香草，诸侯朝见天子，“有与助祭祀之礼”，故萧艾以喻诸侯。露水，常被用来比喻承受的恩泽。故此诗起兴以含蓄、形象的笔法巧妙地点明了诗旨所在：天子恩及四海，诸侯有幸承宠。如此，也奠定了全诗的情感基调：完全是一副诸侯感恩戴德、极尽颂赞的景仰口吻。
首章写初见天子的情景及感受。“蓼彼萧斯，零露湑兮。”自古以来，阳光雨露多是皇恩浩荡的象征和比喻，而微臣小民多以草芥自比，因此，这开头两句可以是兴，也可以看作比。有幸见到了君王，或是得到了君王的恩宠，当然是喜上眉梢，喜出望外，心里有多高兴自不待言，因此说：“既见君子，我心写兮。”似是日日夜夜，朝思暮盼，今日终遂心愿后的表述。因为在诸侯看来，入朝面君，无疑是巨大的幸事，一个“写”字，形象地描画出诸侯无比兴奋、诚惶诚恐、激动得难以言表的感受。境由心造，心情舒畅当然见什么都高兴。和君王在一起宴饮谈笑，如坐春风，因此，自然会得到君王的首肯、赞许，尽情享受那种恩遇带来的精神愉悦。因此，当他们与天子共享宴乐之时，便争相倾吐心中的敬祝之情，完全沉浸在圣洁的朝圣之乐中。
二、三两章进一步描写君臣之谊，分别从诸侯与天子两方面落笔。对诸侯而言，无疑应感谢天子圣宠，“为龙为光”，这当然是“其德不爽”的结果。故最后祝天子“寿考不忘”；对天子而言，则是描写其和乐安详的圣容及与臣下如兄弟般的深情。可以说抓住了两个最有代表性的方面，恰如其分地刻画出了天子的风仪及修养。这样可亲可爱的天子，不可能不受到臣下的拥戴与崇敬。
末章借写天子离宴时车马的威仪进一步展示天子的不凡气度。看那威风凛凛的高头大马，听那叮当悦耳的铃声和鸣，威而不滥，乐而不乱，恰恰表明天子不仅能够泽及四海，而且可以威加四夷，因此，他才能够集万福于一身，不愧受命于天的真命天子。全诗以“和鸾雍雍，万福攸同”作结，为读者描绘了一派其乐融融的大祝福场面：四方车马齐聚，鸾铃叮当悦耳，臣民齐祝君王，万福万寿无疆！想来真是令人激动满怀，崇敬之情油然而生。
此诗无论内容或是形式，均体现出雅诗的典型风格。因表现的是诸侯对天子的祝颂之情，未免有些拘谨，有些溢美，比起健康活泼、擅长抒发真情实感的民间风诗来，在艺术与情感上，可取之处便少了许多。
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佚名《
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清人》
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佚名《
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