商颂·烈祖
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两汉]：佚名
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嗟嗟烈祖！有秩斯祜。
申锡无疆，及尔斯所。
既载清酤，赉我思成。
亦有和羹，既戒既平。
鬷假无言，时靡有争。
绥我眉寿，黄耇无疆。
约軧错衡，八鸾鸧鸧。
以假以享，我受命溥将。
自天降康，丰年穰穰。
来假来飨，降福无疆。
顾予烝尝，汤孙之将。
商颂·烈祖译文及注释
译文
赞叹伟大我先祖，大吉大利有洪福。
永无休止赏赐厚，至今恩泽仍丰足。
祭祖清酒杯中注，佑我事业得成功。
再把肉羹调制好，五味平和最适中。
众人祷告不出声，没有争执很庄重。
赐我平安得长寿，长寿无终保安康。
车衡车轴金革镶，銮铃八个鸣铿锵。
来到宗庙祭祖上，我受天命自浩荡。
平安康宁从天降，丰收之年满囤粮。
先祖之灵请尚飨，赐我大福绵绵长。
秋冬两祭都登场，成汤子孙永祭享。
注释
烈祖：功业显赫的祖先,此指商朝开国的君王成汤。
有秩斯祜（hù）：马瑞辰《毛诗传笺通释》云：“有秩即形容福之大貌。”祜,福。
申：再三。锡：同“赐”。段玉裁《说文解字注》：“经典多假锡为赐字。凡言锡予者,即赐之假借也。”
及尔斯所：陈奂《诗毛氏传疏》云：“及尔斯所,犹云‘以迄于今’也。”
清酤（gū）：清酒。
赉（lài）：赐予。思：语助词。
戒：齐备。
鬷（zōng）假：集合大众祈祷。
绥：安抚。眉寿：高寿。
黄耇（gǒu）：义同“眉寿”。朱熹《诗集传》云：“黄,老人发白复黄也。耇,老人面涷（dōng）梨色。”
约軝（qí）错衡：用皮革缠绕车毂（gǔ）两端并涂上红色,车辕前端的横木用金涂装饰。错,金涂。
鸾：通“銮”,一种饰于马车上的铃。鸧（qiāng）鸧：同“锵锵”,象声词。
假（gé）：同“格”,至也。享：祭。
溥（pǔ）：大。将：王引之《经义述闻》释为“长”。
顾：光顾,光临。指先祖之灵光临。烝（zhēng）尝：冬祭叫“烝”。秋祭叫“尝”。
汤孙：指商汤王的后代子孙。
将：奉祀。
参考资料：
1、《先秦诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1998年12月版，第720-721页
2、徐志春．诗经译评（下）：外语教学与研究出版社，2010年9月：1338页
商颂·烈祖创作背景
此诗为殷商后裔的宋国祭祀始祖成汤的诗。按周制，大祭先祖有九献，《那》和《烈祖》都属于九献中的一个章节，《那》以歌舞献先祖，《烈祖》以酒和汤献先祖。这首诗通过祭祀烈祖，祈求“绥我眉寿”、“降福无疆”。表明了很强的功利目的。
《史记·宋世家》曰：“襄公之时，修行仁义，欲为盟主，其大夫正考父美之，故追道契、汤、高宗，殷所以兴，作商颂。”由此可见，《商颂》 是正考父根据商代诗篇改作，故有《商颂·烈祖》。
参考资料：
1、曹音．诗经释疑：上海三联书店，2011年8月：265页
商颂·烈祖鉴赏
全诗一章二十二句，分四层铺写祭祀烈祖的盛况。开头四句是第一层，首先点明了祭祀烈祖的原由，就在于他洪福齐天，并能给子孙“申锡（赐）无疆”；“嗟嗟”一词的运用，可谓崇拜得五体投地。接下八句，写主祭者献“清酤”、献“和羹”，作“无言”、无争的祷告，是为了“绥我眉寿，黄耇无疆”。这种祭祀场面的铺叙，表现了祭祀隆重肃穆的气氛，反映出主祭者恭敬虔诚的心态。再接下去八句，写助祭者所坐车马的奢豪华丽，以此衬托出主祭者身份的尊贵，将祈求获福的祭祀场面再次推向高潮。结尾两句祝词，点明了举行时祭的是“汤孙”。首尾相应，不失为一首结构完整的诗篇。
此诗在语言运用上同其他《颂》诗一样，讲究典雅庄重，但由此也产生弊端，难免有些刻板乏味（当然也有好的句子，如“约軝错衡，八鸾鸧鸧”等）。在韵律安排上，此诗倒很有特色，三换韵脚，先用鱼部韵，再用耕部韵，最后是用阳部韵。押阳部韵的句子特多，从“黄耇无疆”到“汤孙之将”的下半部分十一句，连用“疆”、“衡”、“鸧”、“享”、“将”、“康”、“穰”、“享”、“疆”、“尝”、“将”十一个阳部韵，音调非常铿锵和谐，其音节美远胜于文句美。后世句句用韵的“柏梁体”诗恐怕也是滥觞于此。
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佚名《
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商颂·那》
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佚名《
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商颂·玄鸟》
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