小雅·白驹
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两汉]：佚名
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皎皎白驹，食我场苗。絷之维之，以永今朝。所谓伊人，于焉逍遥？
皎皎白驹，食我场藿。絷之维之，以永今夕。所谓伊人，于焉嘉客？
皎皎白驹，贲然来思。尔公尔侯，逸豫无期？慎尔优游，勉尔遁思。
皎皎白驹，在彼空谷。生刍一束，其人如玉。毋金玉尔音，而有遐心。
小雅·白驹译文及注释
译文
光亮皎洁小白马，吃我园中嫩豆苗。拴好缰绳绊住脚，就在我家过今朝。所说那位贤德人，请在这儿尽逍遥。
光亮皎洁小白马，吃我园中嫩豆叶。拴好缰绳绊住脚，就在我家过今夜。所说那位贤德人，在此做客心意惬。
光亮皎洁小白马，快速来到我的家。为公为侯多高贵，安逸享乐莫还家。悠闲自在别过分，不要避世图闲暇。
光亮皎洁小白马，空旷山谷留身影。一束青草作饲料，那人品德似琼英。走后别忘把信捎，切莫疏远忘友情。
注释
皎皎：毛色洁白貌。
场：菜园。
絷（zhí）：用绳子绊住马足。维：拴马的缰绳，此处意为维系，用作动词。
永：长。此处用如动词，延长。今朝：今天。
伊人：那人，指白驹的主人。
于焉：在这里。
藿（huò）：豆叶。
贲（bì）然：文饰，装饰得很好。思：语助词。
尔：你，即“伊人”。公、侯：古爵位名，此处皆作动词，为公为侯之意。
逸豫：安乐。无期：没有终期。
慎：慎重。优游：悠闲自得。
勉：“免”之假借字，打消之意。遁：避世。
空谷：深谷。空，“穹”之假借。
生刍（chú）：喂牲畜的青草。
其人：亦即“伊人”。如玉：品德美好如玉。
金玉：此处皆用作意动词，珍惜之意。
遐（xiá）心：疏远之心。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：399-402
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：375-377
小雅·白驹创作背景
《毛诗序》以为此诗是大夫刺周宣王不能留用贤者于朝廷。明清以后，有人认为殷人尚白，大夫乘白驹，为周武王饯送箕子之诗；有人认为是王者欲留贤者不得，因而放归山林所赐之诗。今人余冠英《诗经选》以为是留客惜别的诗，上承蔡、曹，较合诗意。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：399-402
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：375-377
小雅·白驹鉴赏
全诗四章，分为两个层次。前三章为第一层，写客人未去主人挽留。古代留客的方式多种多样。《汉书·陈遵传》载有“投辖于井”的方式，当客人要走的时候，主人将客人车上的辖投于井中，使车不能行走，借此把客人留住。此诗描写的主人则是想方设法地把客人骑的马拴住，留马是为了留人，希望客人能在他家多逍遥一段时间，以延长欢乐时光，字里行间流露了主人殷勤好客的热情和真诚。主人不仅苦心挽留客人，而且还劝他谨慎考虑出游，放弃隐遁山林、独善其身、享乐避世的念头。在第三章里诗人采用间接描写的方法，对客人的形象作了刻画。客人的才能可以为公为侯，但生逢乱世，既不能匡辅朝廷又不肯依违，只好隐居山林。末章为第二层，写客人已去而相忆。主人再三挽留客人，得不到允诺，给主人留下了深深的遗憾，于是就希望客人能再回来，并和他保持音讯联系，不可因隐居就疏远了朋友。惜别和眷眷思念都溢于言表。
由上文所述可知，此诗形象鲜明，栩栩如生，给读者留下了深刻印象；刻画人物手法灵活多变，直接描写和间接描写交相使用，值得玩味。
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佚名《
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鸱鸮》
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佚名《
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北风》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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