答人
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唐代]：太上隐者
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偶来松树下，高枕石头眠。
山中无历日，寒尽不知年。
答人译文及注释
译文
我偶尔会来到松树下，头枕石头睡觉。
深山中没有日历，所以到了寒气消失的时候，我都不知道是哪年哪月。
注释
答人：这是太上隐者回答人家问话的诗。据《古今诗话》记载：“太上隐者，人莫知其本末，好事者从问其姓名，不答，留诗一绝云。”
偶：偶然。
高枕：两种解释，一作枕着高的枕头解，一作比喻安卧无事解。
历日：指日历，记载岁时节令的书。
寒：指寒冷的冬天。
答人鉴赏
如果说陶渊明身居魏晋，慨想羲皇，主要是出于对现实的不满；那么，唐人向往那据说是恬淡无为的太古时代，则多带浪漫的意味。唐时道教流行，此诗作者大约是其皈依者。据《古今诗话》载，这位隐者的来历为人所不知，曾有好事者当面打听他的姓名，他也不答，却写下这首诗。诗人这里以自己的隐居生活和山中的节气变化，向人们展示了一位不食人间烟火的高人形象。
首联“偶来松树下，高枕石头眠”，这与其说是“答人”，毋宁说是有点像传神的自题小像。“偶来”，其行踪显得非常自由无羁，不可追蹑。“高枕”，则见其恬淡无忧。“松树”、“石头”，设物布景简朴，却富于深山情趣。
在这“别有天地非人间”的山中，如同生活在想象中的远古社会，“虽无纪历志，四时自成岁。”（陶渊明《桃花源诗》）“寒尽”二字，就含四时成岁之意。而且它还进了一步，虽知“寒尽”岁暮，却又“不知年”。这里当含有两层意思：一层是从“无历日”演绎而来，意即“不解数甲子”（唐人诗句：“山僧不解数甲子，一叶落知天下秋”）；二层是不知今是何世之意，犹《桃花源记》的“不知有汉，无论魏晋”。可见诗中人不但在空间上独来独往，在时间上也是无拘无碍的。到这里，“太上隐者”的形象完成了，且有呼之欲出之感。
“五绝无闲字易，有余味难。”（刘熙载《艺概》）此诗字字无虚设，语语古淡，无用力痕迹；其妙处尤在含意丰茸，令人神远。李白《山中答俗人问》写问而不答，不答而答，表情已觉高逸。此诗则连问答字面俱无，旁若无人，却又是一篇绝妙的“答俗人问”。只不过其回答方式更为活泼无碍，更为得意忘言，令人有“羚羊挂角，无迹可求”之感。
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李白《
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赠柳圆》
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辛弃疾《
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念奴娇·和赵国兴知录韵》
太上隐者简介
唐代·太上隐者的简介
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太上隐者，唐代的隐士，隐居于终南山，自称太上隐者，生平不详。
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