楚天遥过清江引·屈指数春来
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元代]：薛昂夫
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屈指数春来，弹指惊春去。蛛丝网落花，也要留春住。几日喜春晴，几夜愁春雨。六曲小山屏，题满伤春句。
春若有情应解语，问着无凭据。江东日暮云，渭北春天树，不知那答儿是春住处？
楚天遥过清江引·屈指数春来译文及注释
译文
掰着手指数来了春天，却惊讶地发现，弹指之间春天就已过去。蛛丝网兜住了落花，也要把春留住。好几天为春晴而欢喜，却又一连几夜愁听春雨。曲折的小山屏风，写满了伤春的诗句。
春天如果真有感情，就应该了解我的心曲，可问起来却没有凭据。傍晚时，江东烟霭迷濛；春天里，渭北一片花树，不知道哪里是春天的住处？
注释
双调：宫调名，属北曲十七宫调之一，是元曲的常用宫调。
楚天遥过清江引：为双调带过曲，由《楚天遥》与《清江引》两个曲牌组成。
弹指：本为佛家语，“一弹指”的略语，喻时间短暂。
六曲小山屏：可开可合的六折画屏。六曲，指屏风一共六扇。
解语：善解人意。
“江东”二句：为唐杜甫《春日忆李白》“渭北春天树，江东日暮云”二句的倒用。
那答儿：哪里，哪边。元人俗语。
参考资料：
1、滕 森．元曲三百首彩图馆．北京：中国华侨出版社，2016：215
2、王星琦．元曲三百首注评．南京：凤凰出版社，2015：117-118
楚天遥过清江引·屈指数春来创作背景
薛昂夫生活于元代中期。这支曲子当为送别友人而作，送别对象与创作时间已难以考证，可能与另一首《楚天遥过清江引》（有意送春归）作于同时。友人离别，作者想挽留友人，但就像春天无法挽留一样，因此他伤春又伤别，写下这支曲子。
参考资料：
1、李雁 吴冰沁．元散曲经典品读．北京：蓝天出版社，2015：110-112
楚天遥过清江引·屈指数春来鉴赏
薛昂夫这组双调带过曲，多用五七言句法，也融入一些前人诗词，婉约幽丽，富有诗词韵味。
前段《楚天遥》，通篇五字八句四韵，句式与词牌《生查子》同。开头两句化用了南宋词人高观国《卜算子·泛西湖坐间寅斋同赋》词意，揽括全篇，抒发了爱春、惜春、伤春的复杂心绪。“屈指”“弹指”、“春来”“春去”，两相对比，益见感慨之深。“蛛丝”二句，写眼前景物，用了传统的比兴手法。“留春住”，是作者此际的心情，因而感到客观的境物，亦与自己的心融会为一。落花象征着即将消逝的春天。“蛛丝网落花”似从辛弃疾《摸鱼儿》“算只有殷勤，画檐蛛网，尽日惹飞絮”词句化出，物与我会，境与情融。“几日喜春晴，几夜愁春雨”，天晴时似觉春可暂留，因而喜悦；夜雨时便觉春归迅速，更惹伤悲。雨晴不定，愁喜无端，正见作者胸中不可名状的伤春意绪。唯是在“六曲小山屏”上，“题满伤春句”。至此点出伤春的主题。
后段《清江引》，基本上是五七言句法，末句加上衬字，便显出元曲的特点。“春若有情应解语”，承上启下。此句继承了唐李贺“天若有情天亦老”（《金铜仙人辞汉歌》）和温庭筠“花若有情还怅望”（《李羽处士故里》的手法，句中再作转折，用意尤为婉曲。“问着无凭据”，言外之意是说，春既无情，亦不解人心意，来去匆匆，徒令人伤怀而已。“江东日暮云，渭北春天树”，化用杜甫《春日忆李白》诗语。杜甫寄居长安，李白漫游江浙，原诗两句是写杜甫和李白各自所在的景物。此曲直用杜诗，也寄寓着作者对远方友人的怀念。这两句点出伤春的理由，深化了主题，并逼出末句“不知那答儿是春住处”。这句化用黄庭坚《清平乐》“春归何处，寂寞无行路”词意，既是写惜春的情怀，也是写对友人的思念。
全曲前段力写伤春之情，后段引用前人诗句，略点离愁无尽之意，两段结合得水乳交融，景中有情，神余象外。曲中化用了不少前贤惜春伤春名句，却能浑然一体，自成新篇，诗词功夫转化为曲而不失曲的特殊韵味，足见作者的诗家功夫。
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薛昂夫简介
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薛昂夫(1267—1359) 元代散曲家。回鹘（即今维吾尔族）人。原名薛超吾，以第一字为姓。先世内迁，居怀孟路（治所在今河南沁阳）。祖、父皆封覃国公。汉姓为马，又字九皋，故亦称马昂夫、马九皋。据赵孟頫《薛昂夫诗集序》（《松雪斋文集》），他曾执弟子礼于刘辰翁(1234～1297)门下，约可推知他生年约在元初至元年间。历官江西省令史，佥典瑞院事、太平路总管、衢州路总管等职。薛昂夫善篆书，有诗名，诗集已佚。诗作存于《皇元风雅后集》、《元诗选》等集中。
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