癸巳除夕偶成
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清代]：黄景仁
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千家笑语漏迟迟，忧患潜从物外知。
悄立市桥人不识，一星如月看多时。
癸巳除夕偶成译文及注释
译文
时间慢慢地流逝，各家各户的欢声笑语从四面八方隐隐传来。
在石桥上昂首而立的人却恍若置身世外，他凝望着天空，却把一颗明星当作月亮观看了多时。
注释
漏：漏壶，古代计时仪器。
迟迟：指时间过得很慢。
潜：暗中，悄悄地。
物外知：从时间流逝、外物变迁中感觉出来。
市桥：指作者家乡市镇中的桥。江南城镇多傍水为街，市中多桥。
识：shí，在这里是认识的意思。
癸巳除夕偶成创作背景
这首诗作于清乾隆三十八年（1773年），此时正处于乾隆中期，而乾隆中期以后的整个社会，到处是贫富对立，两极分化，流民遍野，人才遗弃，各种矛盾交织在一起。时作者在安徽督学朱筠幕中，除夕归家过年，作者对社会即将发生的乱象已有预感，心中惆怅，有感而作。
参考资料：
1、朱则杰．清诗选评：三秦出版社，2004年07月第1版：第428页
癸巳除夕偶成鉴赏
“千家笑语漏迟迟，忧患潜从物外知。”诗人思绪纷纷。上句尽情渲染了除夕夜千家万户的欢迎气氛。“千家笑语”四字紧扣题目“除夕”，描写了除夕之夜千家万户守岁迎春，欢歌笑语的气氛。人们感觉时间流逝得太快了，以至于不知不觉已到了深夜。诗人此时思绪连绵，独生忧患。“忧患”与“千家笑语”的气氛很不协调，而在这里却有机地联系起来，在封建社会里，由于贫富悬殊，除夕之夜，几家欢乐几家愁。诗人与家人团聚，本可以过愉快的除夕，但诗人却忧虑重重，这充分表现了诗人“众人皆醉吾独醒”的孤高情操和幽愤多思的性格。
“悄立市桥人不识，一星如月看多时。”这两句写诗人心中忧闷而产生的独特行为。上句的“悄立”二字，写诗人一人静悄悄地站在市桥上，用外形的静谧暗示内心的不平静。“人不识”三字，写出并不是人们不认识诗人，而是感叹那些欢歌笑语的人们不了解他心中的忧患。因而诗人感到更加孤独。下句是“悄立”的“延伸”，诗人心中的忧患无法排解，便独立一人到市桥上，长久伫立，凝视天上的一颗亮星。周围的一切仿佛都不存在，似乎已经超然物外，进入物我两忘的境界。“看多时”含蓄地回答了诗人“忧患”的内容。诗人感到星移斗转，岁月如桥下的流水，一去不返，联想自己，少负盛名，却怀才不遇，即将而立之年，功不成，名不就，穷途潦倒，贫病交加，愤激悲伤之情，一齐涌上心头。
这首诗的表现手法是：诗人没有正面着墨去写忧思，而只是描写诗人在除夕之夜家家团聚、笑语声声的时刻悄立市桥上的特殊行为，从气氛的渲染和诗人默然无声凝视长空的形象给人一种感染。这样写，看似平淡，但含蓄深厚，把诗人的忧愁郁闷的’心情表达得更为深沉，更加强烈，也更有艺术表现力。
这首诗的特色是言近旨远，意象鲜明，贴近生活，而又诗意含蓄，寄情远大，诉说的是对整个现实、人生的忧虑与感愤。
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欧阳炯《
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定风波·暖日闲窗映碧纱》
黄景仁简介
唐代·黄景仁的简介
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黄景仁（1749～1783），清代诗人。字汉镛，一字仲则，号鹿菲子，阳湖（今江苏省常州市）人。四岁而孤，家境清贫，少年时即负诗名，为谋生计，曾四方奔波。一生怀才不遇，穷困潦倒，后授县丞，未及补官即在贫病交加中客死他乡，年仅35岁。诗负盛名，为“毗陵七子”之一。诗学李白，所作多抒发穷愁不遇、寂寞凄怆之情怀，也有愤世嫉俗的篇章。七言诗极有特色。亦能词。著有《两当轩全集》。
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