访隐者
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宋代]：郭祥正
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一径沿崖踏苍壁，半坞寒云抱泉石。
山翁酒熟不出门，残花满地无人迹。
访隐者译文及注释
译文
沿着山崖上的小路，脚踏着深青色的崖壁，半山坳的山泉和岩石被寒冷的云朵环绕着。
隐者饮着自己酿制的好酒不出家门，残花落满地面，丝毫没有人的行迹。
注释
①径：小路。
②崖：山崖。
③苍：深青色。
④坞：山坳。
⑤抱：环绕，围绕。
⑥山翁：指诗题中诗人所访的隐者。
⑦酒熟：酒酿制结束。
访隐者鉴赏
这首小诗，前两句写“访”。诗说一条小路，沿着山崖，靠着青翠的山壁，直通向山的深处，山中寒云缭绕着山泉危石。诗极力铺写了隐者所居之地的环境，通过这幽深静阒的环境，突出隐居在这里的人的避世脱俗、高蹈绝尘的襟怀，未写人而人已呼之欲出。第一句的诗眼“踏”字下得很切，呼应诗题“访”字，使山景是作为诗人在来访途中所见，山路与山坳的两组景色也分出了先后层次，益显得山高幽深。如改成“近”、“贴”等类词，便成了单纯写景，跌入下乘。第二句的“抱”字，形象地刻绘出泉水蜿蜒、山石清秀、云气缭绕的景况，很见锤炼之工。
三、四句写隐者喝着自酿的酒，颓然醉倒，足不出户，门外落红满地，无人洒扫。这两句不直说隐者之高，只是通过他疏懒闲适、脱略形骸的生活，表现他与世无争、万事不关心的淡泊情怀，与宋邵雍《安乐窝》绝句中的后两句“拥衾侧卧未欲起，帘外落花撩乱飞”极为相近。诗即事达情，与上两句的景物描写合成一个整体，由此表达自己对隐者的崇敬。
在中国古代的诗歌中，出仕与归隐是一对矛盾。由于自身的抱负与向往在现实中得不到满足，便促使诗人们转而赞美自然，赞美返回自然的隐士。自从陶渊明热衷于“方宅十余亩，草屋八九间，榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前”（《归园田居》）的生活以来，不少诗人讴歌无忧无虑、沉湎自然的生活，要“独无外物牵，道此幽居情”（韦应物《幽居》）。发展到最后，把疲倦于现实生活的观念进一步变化成疲倦于一切，连日常的应酬、洒扫，朋友间的来往也不放在心上，以门外青苔、落花不扫、人迹不到为高，如贾岛诗所述“自从居此地，少有事相关。积雨荒邻圃，秋池照远山。砚中枯叶落，枕上断云闲”，就是这种心情的反映。郭祥正这首诗的三、四句，赞赏隐士闭门饮酒，门无人迹，落花狼藉，也是这种思想的延伸，可视作中国写隐士的诗的共同点。
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张可久《
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四块玉·乐闲》
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杨朴《
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莎衣》
郭祥正简介
唐代·郭祥正的简介
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郭祥正（1035～1113）北宋诗人。字功父，一作功甫，自号谢公山人、醉引居士、净空居士、漳南浪士等。当涂（今属安徽）人。皇祐五年进士，历官秘书阁校理、太子中舍、汀州通判、朝请大夫等，虽仕于朝，不营一金，所到之处，多有政声。一生写诗1400余首，著有《青山集》30卷。他的诗风纵横奔放，酷似李白。
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