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《秋兴赋》鉴赏_潘岳作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网
首页 > 诗文 > 秋兴赋 > 鉴赏

《秋兴赋》鉴赏

原文

  晋十有四年,余春秋三十有二,始见二毛。以太尉掾兼虎贲中郎将,寓直于散骑之省。高阁连云,阳景罕曜,珥蝉冕而袭纨绮之士,此焉游处。仆野人也,偃息不过茅屋茂林之下,谈话不过农夫田父之客。摄官承乏,猥厕朝列,夙兴晏寝,匪遑卮宁,譬犹池鱼笼鸟,有江湖山薮之思。于是染翰操纸,慨然而赋。于时秋也,故以“秋兴”命篇。其辞曰:

  四时忽其代序兮,万物纷以回薄。览花莳之时育兮,察盛衰之所托。感冬索而春敷兮,嗟夏茂而秋落。虽末士之荣悴兮,伊人情之美恶。善乎宋玉之言曰:“悲哉,秋之为气也!萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰,憀栗兮若在远行,登山临水送将归”。夫送归怀慕徒之恋兮,远行有羁旅之愤。临川感流以叹逝兮,登山怀远而悼近。彼四戚之疚心兮,遭一涂而难忍。嗟秋日之可哀兮,谅无愁而不尽。

  野有归燕,隰有翔隼。游氛朝兴,槁叶夕殒。于是乃屏轻箑,释纤絺,藉莞箬,御袷衣。庭树槭以洒落兮,劲风戾而吹帷。蝉嘒嘒而寒吟兮,雁飘飘而南飞。天晃朗以弥高兮,日悠阳而浸微。何微阳之短晷,觉凉夜之方永。月瞳胧以含光兮,露凄清以凝冷。熠耀粲于阶闼兮,蟋蟀鸣乎轩屏。听离鸿之晨吟兮,望流火之余景。宵耿介而不寐兮,独辗转于华省。悟时岁之遒尽兮,慨伏首而自省。斑鬓髟以承弁兮,素发飒以垂领。仰群俊之逸轨兮,攀云汉以游骋。登春台之熙熙兮,珥金貂之炯炯。苟趣舍之殊涂兮,庸讵识其躁静。

  闻至人之休风兮,齐天地于一指。彼知安而忘危兮,故出生而入死。行投趾于容迹兮,殆不践而获底。阙侧足以及泉兮,虽猴猿而不履。龟祀骨于宗祧兮,思反身于绿水。且敛衽以归来兮,忽投绂以高厉。耕东皋之沃壤兮,输黍稷之余税。泉涌湍于石间兮,菊扬芳于崖澨。澡秋水之涓涓兮,玩游鲦之澼澼。逍遥乎山川之阿,放旷乎人间之世。悠哉游哉,聊以卒岁。

赏析

  《秋兴赋》在嗟叹四时的基础上,以宋玉《九辨》中悲秋的名句为契机,抒发自己对“秋日之可哀”的独特理解。先将宋玉句中提到的“送归”、“远行”、“临川”、“登山”做的诠释和评议:“夫送归怀慕徒之恋兮,远行有羁旅之愤,临川感流以叹逝兮,登山怀远而悼近。”送别归去的人怀着思慕伴侣的恋意,远去他方的人有羁旅漂泊的悲愤,面临大川则感叹流水似时光飞逝,登上高山又怀想未来而哀悼眼前。前两点是一般概括,后两点是具体用典,一用孔子“子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫”之典,一用齐景公乐而怕死之典。接着潘岳用议论总结了“四感”,道出自己的见解:“彼四感之疚心兮,遭一途而难忍。嗟秋日之可哀兮,谅无愁而不尽。”四感让人内心哀痛,遇到一样也难以忍爱,可是嗟叹秋天本身的值得悲哀,大概是没有什么愁可比而又无休无止了。宋玉的名言是封建社会仕途坎坷的文人在秋日共同心理感应的写照,潘岳的独特理解又成为此赋所兴的思想基础。

  《秋兴赋》以空间的转换、时间的推移,点染重彩浓墨,极力铺写萧瑟、冷落的秋天景象。按时间来看,从野外写到庭院:“野有归燕,隰有翔隼”,写到屋内:“庭树槭以洒落兮,劲风戾而吹帷。”田野里有归来的燕子,沼泽地有低翔的鹘鸟;庭院树枝上的叶子都飘洒零落了,强劲的风凶猛地吹动着屋门的帐幕。按时间来看,从白天写到晚上:“天晃朗以弥高兮,日悠阳而浸微。何微阳之短晷,觉凉夜之方永。”天空澄明愈加显得高远,太阳的光线在空中飘飘忽忽逐渐衰微。为什么微弱的阳光时间这么短,而感觉那寒冷的夜晚却正长。从夜晚又写到清晨:“听离鸿之晨吟兮,望流火之余景。”听那飞离的大雁在晨空中吟唱,仰望那七月流火的寒天残景,而且其中夹杂着对秋夜“月瞳胧”、“露凄清”、“熠耀粲”、“蟋蟀鸣”种种所见所闻的感受描写。景象铺写后联想到自己,以“不寐”、“展转”写出所悟和自省,又以自己“斑鬓髟以承弁兮,素发飒以垂领”的忧思早衰的形象与显贵们“登春台之熙熙兮,珥金貂之炯炯”的得意嬉游的傲气对比,当然会自然得出清醒的认识和信念:“苟趣舍之殊涂兮,庸讵识其躁静。”如果人们的志向好恶有不同,也就无从识别他们的轻重静躁了,是此赋所兴的环境背景。

  《秋兴赋》直接阐发老庄的“齐万物、一生死”的学说,顺理成章地引出此篇的篇眼——即所兴。正面议论、反面对照、援例引证、用典说明,可说议论得十分透辟。其中“龟祀骨”的典故源于《庄子·秋水》篇。这个典故正好表达了潘岳宁愿无拘无束地去过隐居生活,也不愿受人白眼而宦海沉浮,全篇所兴也就一下子脱口而出:“且敛衽以归来兮,忽投绂以高厉”,且让我收藏起官服归来吧,快扔掉那官印用高风亮节激励自己。该句说的直接,痛快,又响亮,是此赋的眼目。紧接着又以欢快的笔调,描绘了想像中的归隐生活:“耕东皋之沃壤兮,输黍稷之余税。泉涌湍于石间兮,菊扬芳于崖澨。澡秋水之涓涓兮,玩游鲦之潎潎。”耕东皋,交余税,听泉声,嗅菊芳,浴秋水、赏鱼乐,写得何其轻松自在,情趣横生,一幅怡然自得、与世无争的隐居图跃然纸上,这是当时司马氏严酷统治下庶族士大夫超然物外,全身远祸的典型心境。由老庄哲学想到归隐是此赋的理想境界。

  《秋兴赋》通过对秋哀感情的抒发,对秋景铺陈的描写,对“齐天地”观念深刻的议论,表达了对达官显贵们的轻蔑和自己处境的愤懑,从而表示了归隐避祸的决心。

  《秋兴赋》在赋的发展阶段中,按内容属抒情言志小赋;按形式属骈体赋。在表达方式上,它已打破了汉散体大赋专尚叙事,铺陈扬丽的写法,而是熔叙事、描写、抒情、议论为一炉,很多句子多种表达方式兼而有之,不能说专指某种表达方式了。句式上以四、六句为主,而且注重对仗,上下句几乎都是双双比翼骈出,而且注重偶句押韵和灵活换韵,增强了语言的节奏美和音韵美。虽然还保留很多骚体赋的“兮”字,但只在上句,句中没有,而且也不是句句必有,可以看到逐渐被淘汰的痕迹了。

潘岳简介

唐代·潘岳的简介


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潘岳


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潘岳(公元247年~公元300年)即潘安,西晋著名文学家。字安仁,汉族,河南荥阳中牟(今河南郑州中牟大潘庄)人,出生于河南巩县(今河南郑州巩义)。潘安之名始于杜甫《花底》诗“恐是潘安县,堪留卫玠车。”后世遂以潘安称焉。

...〔 〕