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《剪牡丹·舟中闻双琵琶》鉴赏_张先作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网

《剪牡丹·舟中闻双琵琶》鉴赏

原文

野绿连空,天青垂水,素色溶漾都净。柳径无人,堕絮飞无影。汀洲日落人归,修巾薄袂,撷香拾翠相竞。如解凌波,泊烟渚春暝。

彩绦朱索新整。宿绣屏、画船风定。金凤响双槽,弹出今古幽思谁省。玉盘大小乱珠迸。酒上妆面,花艳眉相并。重听。尽汉妃一曲,江空月静。

赏析

上片

  上片起首三句是环境描写。“野绿连空”,见词人站船上,目光顺地平线伸延,只见辽远无际的绿色原野上接苍穹。作者又顺势举头眺望远天,晴空蔚蓝,好像与江水相连。

  着一个“垂”字把远望中大水相接的感觉,表现得极其形象。词人仰观俯视,只见眼前江水“素色溶漾都净”。“素色”即白色,指白茫茫的江水。“净”字是形容水的明澈洁净。此句本自谢朓诗“澄江净如练”(《晚登三山还望京邑》),以上三句,词人以其拿手的炼字功夫,多方面多层次地画出了一幅江上美景,晴空与绿野相连,波光粼粼,天光云影,映于澄江之中,景象浑茫寥阔,而又十分寂静。这幅图画中,“柳径无人,堕絮飞无影”,正是绿野中的特写。这二句,显得有些平凡。作者只是把眼前景物,率直写出。淡墨一痕,不求奇峭,但妙处正这里。

  以平淡的句子,逗入意境,才见功力。特别是加了“无影”二字,整个画面立即灵动起来,那柳絮飞舞的轻盈飘忽,形神俱出,而且微风吹拂,轻絮飘舞,微暗的树荫中,依稀看见它们游荡回转,而一点影子也不留地面,真有一种飘忽无影的妙趣。

  “汀洲”句推进一层。词人完成天光云影、柳絮轻舞的环境描写后,让人物出场了。作者船上望去,首先远处看到人归之影,人影与晚霞相映,十分妍丽。人渐走渐近,看得也越清楚,连“修巾薄袂”也看得出来。修长的巾带,薄薄的衫袖,雅丽非凡,且巾长袂薄,随风飘举,为美人勾出了一幅飘飘欲仙的姿态。由下句“撷香拾翠相竞”来看,可知这美人不是独自一人,她是结伴春游,芳洲上采香草,拾翠羽。古代女子常春季到郊外拾野鸟的各色羽毛,采各种香草。曹植《洛神赋》有“或采明珠,或拾翠羽”之句,写出洛水众女神之美,此处词人借用此意,写汀洲女子的美色。

  上片歇拍写两个美人登上船,并停泊洲边,水边过夜。“凌波”即踩水而行,本出曹植《洛神赋》用“凌波微步,罗袜生尘”。晚霞辉映下,寂静的洲渚上,忽的出现了这一双美人,词人凝望的同时,也不禁产生了美丽的幻觉,目为凌波女神。这不仅细致地写了洲上女子的美,而且把词人的欣喜、惊愕,以至倾慕的心理也表现出来。这两句一方面把一整天情节的铺叙加以收束,日落春暝,美人回到船上,词人也该歇息了;另一方面,又用“烟”字,为江滨洲边刷上一层烟水凄迷的朦胧色彩,为下片抒情做好铺垫。

下片

  下片“彩绦朱索新整”,写美女回到船上,一天的“撷香拾翠”之后,换妆梳洗,以更娇丽的容颜出现。“彩绦朱索”,指五颜六色的彩带,是女子的装饰物,这里使借代手法,以偏概全,泛指美人身上的衣饰。

  接下来一句为“金凤响双槽”。“金凤”代指琵琶。本出乐史《杨太真外传》:“妃子琵琶逻逤檀,寺人白季贞使蜀还献。其木温润如玉,光耀可鉴。有金缕红文,蹙成双凤。”故苏轼《宋叔达家听琵琶》诗云:“半面犹遮凤尾槽。”“槽”是琵琶上架弦的格子,“响双槽”,表明是两把琵琶同时弹奏。这里切题《舟中闻双琵琶》。这优美的乐声里饱含着今古幽思,人物的精神境界显得高雅深沉。又用“谁省”一词,反跌出只有自己是知音的深意,把自己与琵琶女的关系推进一层。

  “玉盘”句由白居易《琵琶行》“大珠小珠落玉盘”句化来,视觉形象与听觉形象并举,形象地表现了音乐旋律的跌宕起伏,高昂处如急风暴雨,低回处如儿女私语,令人耳不暇接。人物的感情时而慷慨激昂,时而低回婉转,皆随乐声起伏,曲曲传出。乐声已至高潮,然又戛然而止,词人对音乐形象的描绘也暂收束。船上一片岑寂,无声的境界里,接下来词人省略了恰相逢知己,隔船相邀等细节,径直从借酒相慰写起。“酒上妆面”,是说琵琶女已带醉意,面颊被酒晕得绯红,故下句用“花艳”形容其醉态之美。借酒浇愁愁更愁,于是双眉“相并”。“相并”意即紧锁,表明愁怀不释。对醉态愁容的描写,形神兼备,极其工巧。既然愁怀未释,欣逢知己,欲一吐为快,于是重奏一曲,词人亦“重听”一遍。

  “汉妃”句用王昭君远嫁匈奴,马上弹琵琶故事。晋石崇《王明君辞序》载:“昔公主嫁乌孙,令琵琶马上作乐,以慰其道路之思;其送明君,亦必尔也。”“一曲”也兼指以昭君出塞故事谱写的琴曲《昭君怨》。“汉妃一曲”也可以说是“今古幽思”的具体内容,其中寄托着琵琶女离乡背井、流落江湖的身世之感。结句“江空月静”,以空廓沉静的月夜,烘托出音乐的魅力。如泣如诉的昭君怨曲,把听众带进了哀愁的境界,相对无言,月夜格外的沉寂,留下了无穷的余韵,让人回味。词境从钱起“曲终人不见,江上数峰青”化出。

张先简介

唐代·张先的简介


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张先


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张先(990-1078),字子野,乌程(今浙江湖州吴兴)人。北宋时期著名的词人,曾任安陆县的知县,因此人称“张安陆”。天圣八年进士,官至尚书都官郎中。晚年退居湖杭之间。曾与梅尧臣、欧阳修、苏轼等游。善作慢词,与柳永齐名,造语工巧,曾因三处善用“影”字,世称张三影。

...〔 〕