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《听雨》鉴赏_虞集作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网
首页 > 诗文 > 听雨 > 鉴赏

《听雨》鉴赏

原文

屏风围坐鬓毵毵,绛蜡摇光照莫酣。

京国多年情尽改,忽听春雨忆江南。

赏析

  全诗较短,只有四句,大体上可分为两个层次。前两句为第一个层次,主要写诗人在殿内值夜的环境。头一句写诗人值夜时坐在屏风中间,两鬓斑白,已经是五十多岁年纪的人了。人老头发首先从鬓毛白起,故日“鬓毵毵”。第二句写红蜡的烛光在夜深中摇曳跳跃。以上两句诗为读者描绘出一种死寂冷清的环境。从空间环境看,周围是宫墙深院,身边是“屏风围坐”,身处“重重帘幔”之中。从时间环境看,诗人已进入了“鬓毵毵”的暮年,节令已是寒食前后,春寒犹在,时间是夜深。从亮度上看,也只有一点点绛蜡的摇光。如此一点亮光,很难抵御夜深的漆黑,诗人独自一人处在这样一个时空环境里,心情上必然产生一种重压感。如此漫漫长夜,给诗人提供了一个反思的环境。

  诗的第二个层次由写环境开始自然过渡到写心境。第三句是全诗的过渡句,即由第一、二句的写环境向第四句的写心境过渡。诗人从26岁入大都为朝官,在北方生活了近三十年时间。不难想象,“京国多年”,已经习惯了北方的生活条件,可以说是作为一个南方人的常情尽改。但是,诗人的乡音不会改。如唐代诗人贺知章,虽然“少小离家老大回”,最终还是“乡音无改”。更为重要的是,诗人的江南人意识不会变,诗人的思乡情不会变。所以,诗人在“忽听春雨”之后,自然会“忆江南”。“忽听”二字不可忽略,极富感情色彩。从前三句看,诗人的反思是深沉的,心情是郁闷的,乡思是浓烈的。“忽听”使诗人的感情来个大转变,于寂寞中忽然听到春雨来临的惊喜之情跃然纸上,使其精神为之一爽。色调也开始由暗淡变为明快,这是给诗人带来向往、希望、思念的春雨。诗人“忆江南”,不仅仅是因为春寒犹在的北国比不上“杏花春雨江南”,而主要是因为诗人年纪老大、仕途坎坷。诗人在翰林时“承顾问及古今得失,尤委曲尽言”,“谏或不入,归家悒悒不乐”。一些同僚“患其知遇日隆,每思有以间之”。谗言一时不能奏效,“则相与摘集(虞集)文辞,指为讥讪”。在此种情况下,诗人时时想退出政坛,告老还乡。

  全诗言语平淡而自然,但却含有丰富的底蕴,浓浓思乡之情藏在淡淡哀愁之中。

虞集简介

唐代·虞集的简介


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虞集


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虞集(1272~1348)元代著名学者、诗人。字伯生,号道园,人称邵庵先生。少受家学,尝从吴澄游。成宗大德初,以荐授大都路儒学教授,李国子助教、博士。仁宗时,迁集贤修撰,除翰林待制。文宗即位,累除奎章阁侍书学士。领修《经世大典》,著有《道园学古录》、《道园遗稿》。虞集素负文名,与揭傒斯、柳贯、黄溍并称“元儒四家”;诗与揭傒斯、范梈、杨载齐名,人称“元诗四家”。

...〔 〕